Proteins don't have the same extent of repair mechanisms that nucleic acids do. Therefore, when they get damaged, they often need to be broken down. Describe how this process occurs - how are "bad" proteins identified, what happens to them, and how are they degraded?

Q: Explain how in some cases a single nucleotide change in a DNA sequence can have very detrimental…

A: Mutations is the sudden heritable change in the make up of gene. Mutation basically occur by…

Q: Explain why a point mutation does not necessarily change the oriignal amino acid sequence.  Explain…

A: A mutation refers to the alteration in the sequence of nucleotides in an organism’s DNA…

Q: Why might some cells in the body, such as those in bonemarrow, be more susceptible to ribosomal…

A: Mutation It is the sudden heritable changes happening in the genotype of the organism which is…

Q: Provide a detailed description and hand drawn figure of each of the following. (1) Mismatch…

A: Although the genetic variation is important for evolution, the survival of the individual demands…

Q: How many TCA cycles required to fully oxidize 1 molecule Acetyl-CoA. Support your answer with…

A: There are two oxidizable carbons in acetyl-CoA; the methyl carbon (CH3-) and the carbonyl carbon…

Q: When proteins recognize and bind to a specific sequence in DNA, why do they usually just recognize…

A: DNA binding proteins are proteins that bind to single or double stranded DNA generally in the major…

Q: List mechanisms by which cells can repair DNA withaltered or damaged nucleotides.

A: The errors that occur in different cell processes are corrected by a set of damage repair mechanisms…

Q: Describe nucleotide excision repair.

A: A nucleotide is defined as a structure that will consist of a sugar molecule (that can be either…

Q: (b) How many forms can naturally occurring DNA exist in? Explain how these forms are characterized.…

A: DNA  Deoxyribonucleic acid  Genetic material in many species Has ds(double stranded) structure…

Q: Two possible point mutations are the substitution of lysine for leucine or the substitution of…

A: Amino acid mutations refer to changes in the DNA sequence that result in alterations to the sequence…

Q: A mutation occurs that changes a codon from UCC to UCA. It turns out that this codon is for an amino…

A: Based on the nature of change that occurs in a codon due to a point mutation (mutation at a single…

Q: Explain how single nucleotide changes can have mostly different effects on protein function.

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: Which of the following clusters of terms accurately describes DNA as it is generally viewed to exist…

A: Prokaryotic organisms, such as archaea and bacteria are single-celled organisms that do not have a…

Q: 11. An A-T base pair consists of a) 1; 2 b) 2; 2 c) 3; 2 d) 2; 3 H-bond(s); a C-G base pair consists…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They are organic compounds that contain an amino…

Q: Discuss the structural significance of complementarity in DNAand in RNA.

A: Complementarity Complimentarity achived by interaction between these nitrogenous bases. DNA is…

Q: Direct repair of pyrimidine dimer formation in E. Coli can be accomplished by nucleotide excision.…

A: Escherichia coli, commonly abbreviated as E. coli, is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is…

Q: You have isolated a fragment of viral DNA that supposedly encodes for two proteins, 196 and 220…

A: Expression of proteins from genes on DNA occurs in two steps - transcription and translation. During…

Q: Describe the excision repair process in DNA, using the excision of thymine dimers as an example.

A: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)   It is defined as a genetic material which has all the stored genetic…

Q: Which of the following distinguishes direct repair from other repair mechanisms?

A: The answer is 'Direct repair reverses a structural abnormality without breaking the phosphodiester…