A mutation occurs that changes a codon from UCC to UCA. It turns out that thiscodon is for an amino acid in the catalytic site of the enzyme DNA glycosylase, whichis involved in DNA repair. What is the most likely outcome for an organism carryingthis mutation?The mutation will be tolerated by the organism and will lead to no physical changes.Because the organism will no longer be able to perform base excision repair, the organism'sDNA will mutate at a rapid rate. A disease such as cancer will develop rather quickly.Because the organism will no longer be able to perform base excision repair, the organism'sDNA will mutate at a slow but steady rate. Over time, a disease such as cancer will develop.No answer text provided.◄ PreviousNext ▸

Based on the nature of change that occurs in a codon due to a point mutation (mutation at a single…

Answered: A mutation occurs that changes a codon…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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DNA polymerase occasionally incorporates the wrong nucleotide during DNA replication. If left unrepaired, the base-pair mismatch that results will lead to mutation in the next replication. As part of a template strand, the incorporated wrong base will direct the incorporation of a base complementary to itself, so the bases on both strands of the DNA at that position will now be different from what they were before the mismatch event. The MER-minus strain of yeast does not have a functional mismatch excision repair system, but it has normal base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair systems. Which of the following statements is correct about differences in the mutation spectrum between MER-minus and wildtype yeast? More than one answer is correct. Options: More point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast. Fewer point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast as compared with wildtype. Of the total point mutations that…
Mutations can be caused by which process? faulty DNA repair nondisjunction base sequence deletion All of the above
The drug Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) blocks bacterial DNA gyrase enzyme needed to counteract excessive twisting of DNA that occurs when circles of DNA are unwound to be copied into DNA or RNA. Why doesn’t this drug kill human cells?
A strain of Neisseria gonorrheae has recently acquired the ability to be resistant to the antibiotic penicillin. Evidence indicates that this is not a new mutation but rather a gene received from another bacterium. After the new genetic information recombines with the genome, how would gonorrheae use the DNA to resist the action of penicillin? The gene would be transcribed into RNA and then translated into protein. The gene would translated into protein and then transcribed into RNA. The gene would be recognized as a mutation and repaired. The gene would be released from the N. gonorrheae as naked DNA.
Many microbes (as well as other organisms) produce antibiotics. A natural compound produced by one organism that inhibits or kills another unrelated organism is commonly defined as an antibiotic. Thousands of antibiotics have been identified and characterized. Antibiotics prevent virtually every step in the Central Dogma of bacteria. Rifampicin, for example, inhibits transcription while streptomycin inhibits translation. However, no antibiotic has ever been discovered that directly affects DNA replication by inhibiting the action of DNA polymerases. "Why not?"
An enzyme is needed for the Krebs Cycle. It will be made following the directions contained in a gene of one of the __29__ found in the __30__ of the cell. A portion of the double strand of __31__ splits apart between the weak__32__bonds holding the bases together. This portion contains the code for building the enzyme. The code message begins with a triplet call a _33__ , followed by the code, then signals the end with a triplet called the _34__. The DNA is composed of groups of three molecules called __35__ . They are made up of ribose __36__, a __37___ for additional support, and a nitrogenous __38___. These match up with complementary ones on the opposite strand of DNA. A cytosine will pair up with __39___. An RNA uracil will pair up with __40___ on the DNA. When they line up and join, a __41__ RNA strand is formed. This process of copying the code into RNA is called __42__. The RNA will move out to the cytoplasm, to an organelle called a __43__. There, __44___ RNA…
Which of the following statements about DNA strands is true? (You may choose more than one.) Group of answer choices Some genes are transcribed from the template strand, others are transcribed from the non-template strand The promoter determines which strand is the (-) strand The promoter determines which strand is the template strand The template strand is always the (-) strand Some genes are transcribed from the (-) strand, others are transcribed from the (+) strand Some proteins are translated from the - strand and some proteins are translated from the + strand
Translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase zeta (ζ) is capable of accurately reading through 6,4-photoproducts (cytotoxic damage). If this protein is non-functional: a different TLS polymerase will accurately read through the DNA lesion. a different TLS polymerase will inaccurately read through the DNA lesion resulting in increased mutational frequency. the replicative polymerase will inaccurately read through the DNA damage. DNA polymerase alpha (α) will be recruited to synthesize a primer across the DNA damage. the DNA lesion cannot be bypassed and will result in double stranded DNA breaks.
Which of the following apply to transcription: Synthesis of a chromosome using DNA polymerase that produces two new chromosomes O Synthesis of a DNA molecule using RNA polymerase that produces multiple genes O Synthesis of a mRNA molecule using DNA polymerase that produces protein O Synthesis of a mRNA molecule using RNA polymerase that is a copy of a gene O Synthesis of a protein from a specific mRNA molecule that requires a ribosome

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