Prostaglandins are a class of eicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues. Prostaglandins are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. They are derived from the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, a cyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins. (a) The kinetic data in the table below are for the reaction catalyzed by prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. From the data in the first two columns determine the Vmax and KM of the enzyme. Rate of Formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/mL ibuprofen (mM/min) Rate of Formation of PGG2 Arachidonic Acid (mM/min) (mM) 0.5 23.5 32.2 16.67 1.0 25.25 1.5 36.9 30.49 2.5 41.8 37.04 3.5 44.0 38.91 (b) Ibuprofen is an inhibitor of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. By inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, ibuprofen reduces inflammation and pain. Using the data in the first and third columns of the table, determine the type of inhibition that ibuprofen exerts on prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase.

Q: Myristoleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in small amounts in a variety of foods.…

A: Myristoleic acid would undergo beta-oxidation for its catabolism.

Q: What kind of inhibitor is threo-sphingosine? Explain this type of inhibition.

A: Introduction:  Enzymes are the catalyst of life. Enzyme inhibitor is defined as a substance which…

Q: Which statement is false for transition-state analog enzyme inhibitors? They fit the active site…

A: Transition state analogues are used as enzyme inhibitors. They bind competitively to the active site…

Q: Glyphosphate(commercially available as Roundup) is an analog of phosphoenolpyruvate that acts as a…

A: Amino acids are the basic units that make up proteins. Amino acids are comprised of carbon,…

Q: Name three enzymes that are likely the source of bicarbonate ion that is involved with the formation…

A:

Q: Under anaerobic circumstances, why is pyruvate converted to lactate?

A: Anaerobic Glycolysis is the process of glucose oxidation that occurs when oxygen levels are low,…

Q: Citrate synthase is regulated by another metabolite that has the opposite effect (i.e., stimulates…

A: The citric acid cycle carries out the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA molecules that are obtained…

Q: Phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA) is a potent inhibitor of aspartate transcarbamoylase because it…

A: Enzymes are biocatalysts that catalyse biochemical reactions. They contain an active site where the…

Q: 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) is a very long name for the enzyme…

A: DISCLAIMER: Since you have asked multiple questions, we have solved the first question for you. If…

Q: Which of the following statements is not true about the catalytic triad in chymotrypsin?  Group of…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the incorrect statement about the catalytic triad in…

Q: One    metabolic    scenario that    leads to insulin    resistance is the elevation    of the…

A: Insulin resistance is defined as the inactivity of insulin in its target cells. The examples of…

Q: TPI deficiency is a rare human condition. Patients who lack TPI cannot convert the triose…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts 1 molecule of glucose to 2 molecules of pyruvate…

Q: During glycogen synthesis, glucose-1P is converted into a molecule called UDPG. This reaction also…

A: The glycogen synthesis takes place in animal tissues. The glycogen synthesis begins with glucose 6-…

Enzyme kinetics

In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.

Regulation of Enzymes

A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.