Problem #2: (a) Demonstrate your understanding of parsimony, but redrawing the tree. Your second tree should a less parsimonious version of the first tree with respect to chisel beaks and/or double-hammers. Label this tree TREE #2. (b) We discussed in lecture how trees make hypotheses about the evolution of traits. Describe the hypothesis that each tree makes about the evolution of chisel beaks and double-hammers.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
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Problem #1: On a separate piece of paper, use the pictures
below, the character traits listed below them and the
character traits discussed above to create the most
parsimonious evolutionary tree of woodpeckers. This tree is
based on the anatomical evidence of modern birds. Label this
tree TREE #1.
(1) Map the traits onto your tree (use both the pictures and
the traits listed to build your tree.) Also be sure to put the
traits shared by all woodpeckers.
(2) Draw an arrow that indicates time

I already solved problem 1 and image is attached below I just need help with problem 2 ( tree #2)

Problem #2: (a) Demonstrate your understanding of parsimony, but redrawing the tree. Your
second tree should a less parsimonious version of the first tree with respect to chisel beaks
and/or double-hammers. Label this tree TREE #2.
(b) We discussed in lecture how trees make hypotheses about the evolution of traits. Describe
the hypothesis that each tree makes about the evolution of chisel beaks and double-hammers.
Transcribed Image Text:Problem #2: (a) Demonstrate your understanding of parsimony, but redrawing the tree. Your second tree should a less parsimonious version of the first tree with respect to chisel beaks and/or double-hammers. Label this tree TREE #2. (b) We discussed in lecture how trees make hypotheses about the evolution of traits. Describe the hypothesis that each tree makes about the evolution of chisel beaks and double-hammers.
Crestless common ancestor
crest
chisel beak
double-hammer
Crest
crests
Chisel beak
black bellies
Non-crested
Double-hammer
Light bellies
fuight
Blly
Black Belly
Xchisel Beak
Double hammere
non- Cres ted
corests
O creest less
comunon Ancestore
Time of evolutiom
Transcribed Image Text:Crestless common ancestor crest chisel beak double-hammer Crest crests Chisel beak black bellies Non-crested Double-hammer Light bellies fuight Blly Black Belly Xchisel Beak Double hammere non- Cres ted corests O creest less comunon Ancestore Time of evolutiom
Expert Solution
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Parsimony which is a idea that, given a set of possible explanations , the simplest explanation is the most likely to be correct. The principle of parsimony in is used to select from competing models that describe a phenomenon. In biology, it is most often used in the study of phylogeny. 

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