Price level a aa a LRAS AS AD₁ YcY₁ Yo AS AD₂ Real GDP per year (Exhibit: Monetary Policy and Rational Expectations) Suppose the economy is operating at point a. Some people observe that an expansionary monetary policy will increase the money supply and ultimately drive the price level to the equilibrium at Oab. They rationally adjust their behavior and the aggregate demand curve shifts to the left and b becomes the new equilibrium point Ob.c. They rationally adjust their behavior and the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point Ocd They rationally adjust their behavior and the aggregate demand curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point Odd They rationally adjust their behavior and the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point

Price level a aa a LRAS AS AD₁ YcY₁ Yo AS AD₂ Real GDP per year (Exhibit: Monetary Policy and Rational Expectations) Suppose the economy is operating at point a. Some people observe that an expansionary monetary policy will increase the money supply and ultimately drive the price level to the equilibrium at Oab. They rationally adjust their behavior and the aggregate demand curve shifts to the left and b becomes the new equilibrium point Ob.c. They rationally adjust their behavior and the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point Ocd They rationally adjust their behavior and the aggregate demand curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point Odd They rationally adjust their behavior and the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the left and d becomes the new equilibrium point

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Which of the following scenarios would result in a decrease in Aggregate Demand? R A decline in investors confidence causes investment to fall. O Technology improvements lead to productivity gains O A rise in imports from Europe f5 O The congress passes a new income tax cut. 100 % 5 16 T e 6 6 3 Y ly 7 7 U 8 f10 num lk. 8 9 5 9 f12 F
question 2: In Figure 2, what are the factors that may cause the aggregate demand to shift from AD to AD1? What is the difference between demand pull inflation, cost push inflation, and recession?
The Economy in 2008In the first half of June 2008 the effects of a housing and financial crisis and an increase in world prices of oil and foodstuffs were affecting the economy. Refer to The Economy in 2008. Given the effects of the financial and housing crisis on the price level and output and the effects of increased world commodity prices on the price level and output, the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model tells us that a. output rises and the price level falls. b. output may rise, fall or stay the same and the price level rises. c. output falls and the price level may rise, fall or stay the same. d. None of the above is correct.
1. Imagine an economy, where the SRAS in terms of inflation is given by II=5+Y, where Y is output. Imagine that the long run AS curve is given by Y=2. (25 marks) a) Give the equation of the AD curve (you can take liberties), if we assume that initially, the economy is at its long-run equilibrium. Justify. b) Imagine that your chosen AD curve's intercept goes up by one unit due to an expansionary monetary policy. What will be the new final equilibrium after this change? Justify. c) What will be the equilibrium after two periods of adjustment? Justify. d) Assume that before all the changes in the economy, in the initial, long-run equilibrium, the interest rate was 4 percent. Give an IS and an LM curve that are compatible with this initial equilibrium. Justify. e) What are the IS and LM curves going to be at the very end of the adjustment process, i.e., in the new long run equilibrium? Justify.
In the medium run, if government purchases are increased and nominal money supply is decreased, we can expect that a. the interest rate will increase while aggregate demand and prices may increase, decrease, or remain the same b. aggregate demand and prices will increase but interest rates will not change c. aggregate demand and interest rates will decrease but prices will increase d. aggregate demand, prices, and the interest rate will all decrease e. the AD-curve will shift to the right and the AS-curve will shift to the left
Explain the effect, if any, that each of the following occurrencesshould have on the aggregate demand curve.a. The Fed lowers the discount rate.b. The price level decreases.c. The federal government increases federal income tax rates inan effort to reduce the federal deficit.d. Pessimistic firms decrease investment spending.e. The inflation rate falls by 3 percent.f. The federal government increases purchases to stimulatethe economy.
Figure 34-3 PRICE LEVEL a a a LRAS Y, Y₂ QUANTITY OF OUTPUT SRAS. SRAS. AD Refer to Figure 34-3. Starting from point B and assuming that aggregate demand is held constant, in the long run the economy is likely to experience a falling price level and a falling level of output, as the economy moves to point C. falling price level and a rising level of output, as the economy moves to point A. rising price level and a falling level of output, as the economy moves to point A. Orising price level and a rising level of output, as the economy moves to point C.
Suppose an economy is in long-run equilibrium. The central bank reduces the money supply by 5 percent. Use your diagram to show what happens to output and the price level as the economy moves from the initial to the new short-run equilibrium. Price Level LRAS Aggregate Supply Aggregate Demand Quantity of Output Now adjust the graph to show the new long-run equilibrium. Aggregate Demand € Aggregate Supply What causes the economy to move from its short-run equilibrium to its long-run equilibrium? The government increases spending to increase aggregate demand. Nominal wages, prices, and perceptions adjust downward to this new price level. O The government increases taxes to curb aggregate demand. O Nominal wages, prices, and perceptions adjust upward to this new price level.
8a. Assume that an economy is at equilibrium at its potential GDP at $10 trillion and aprice level of 100. What would be the short-run impact of a significant fall in consumer confidence about the future? Provide an AD/AS model to support your answer. b. What policy would you recommend to the chairperson of the Federal Reserve? Be specific. Show the effect of this policy on your graph part a. c. What are the major goals of the Fed's monetary policy?
Question 47 Exhibit: Supply Shock A. O C. O B. LRAS O D. D C A E Y Y Assume that the economy is at point E. With no further shocks or policy moves, the economy in the long run will be at point: SRAS₁ SRASO SRAS₂ AD
ון רבSuip Reset the graph and click on the blue square to apply a negative supply shock the the economy. Then adjust the movable point to view the effects of potential policy responses to the negative supply shock. Use what you observe to answer the questions that follow. a. In response to the effects of a negative supply shock, policymakers decide to decrease aggregate demand. What are the effects of this choice? O an increase in aggregate output, and an increase in the aggregate price level an decrease in aggregate output, and an decrease in the aggregate price level an increase in aggregate output, and an decrease in the aggregate price level an decrease in aggregate output, and an increase in the aggregate price level b. What are the overall tradeoffs with regard to this choice? Policymakers have chosen to fight inflation by increasing AD, but this further reduces aggregate output and makes the recession worse. Policymakers have chosen to fight inflation by decreasing AD, but this…