Prepare a multiple-step income statement for the year ended January 31 that begins with gross sales and includes separate categories for net sales, cost of goods sold, selling expenses, and general and administrative expenses. 2.prepare a single step income statement for the year ended January 31 3. Compute the current ratio, acid-test ratio, and gross margin ratio as of January 31
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
![The following unadjusted trial balance is prepared at fiscal year-end for Nelson Company. Nelson Company uses a
perpetual inventorý system. It categorizes the following accounts as selling expenses: Depreciation Expense-Store
Equipment, Sales Salaries Expense, Rent Expense-Selling Space, Store Supplies Expense, and Advertising Expense. It
categorizes the remaining expenses as general and administrative.
NELSON COMPANY
Unadjusted Trial Balance
January 31
Debit
Credit
Cash
Merchandise inventory
Store supplies
Prepaid insurance
Store equipment
Accumulated depreciation-Store equipment
Accounts payable
J. Nelson, Capital
J. Nelson, Withdrawals
$ 25,750
14,500
5,100
2,200
43,000
$ 19,150
14,000
39,000
2,300
115,700
Sales
1,800
2,100
38,000
Sales discounts
Sales returns and allowances
Cost of goods sold
Depreciation expense-Store equipment
Sales salaries expense
Office salaries expense
14,950
14,950
Insurance expense
7,000
7,000
Rent expense-Selling space
Rent expense-Office space
Store supplies expense
Advertising expense
9,200
$ 187,850
$ 187,850
Totals
Additional Information:
a. Store supplies still available at fiscal year-end amount to $2,100.
b. Expired insurance, an administrative expense, is $1,750 for the fiscal year.
c. Depreciation expense on store equipment, a selling expense, is $1,650 for the fiscal year.
d. To estimate shrinkage, a physical count of ending merchandise inventory is taken. It shows $10,200 of inventory is still](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2c2bdfc9-f0b1-450f-8783-d3d092dc9ff9%2F287636d9-ecf7-4655-96ad-06b5733b179b%2Fnu5nda_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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