Predict the order of reactivity (and justify your prediction): (a) in cationic polymerization: styrene, p- methoxystyrene, p-chlorostyrene, p-methylstyrene; (b) in anionic polymerization: styrene, 2-vinylpyri- dine, 3-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine.
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- (a) Hard contact lenses, which first became popular in the 1960s, were made by polymerizing methyl methacrylate [CH; =C(CH,)CO,CH3] to form poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Draw the structure of PMMA. (b) More comfortable softer contact lenses introduced in the 1970s were made by polymerizing hydroxyethyl methacrylate [CH2=C{CH)CO,CH,CH2OH] to form poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly-HEMA). Draw the structure of poly-HEMA. Since neither polymer allows oxygen from the air to pass through to the retina, newer contact lenses that are both comfortable and oxygen-permeable have now been developed.(a) Hard contact lenses, which first became popular in the 1960s, were made by polymerizing methyl methacrylate [CH2 = C(CH3)CO2CH3] to form poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Draw the structure of PMMA. (b) More comfortable softer contact lenses introduced in the 1970s were made by polymerizing hydroxyethyl methacrylate [CH2 = C(CH3)CO2CH2CH2OH] to form poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly-HEMA). Draw the structure of poly-HEMA. Since neither polymer allows oxygen from the air to pass through to the retina, newer contact lenses that are both comfortable and oxygen-permeable have now been developed.What is the degree of polymerization of each of the following polymers with molar mass 100,000 g/mol ? (a) polyacrylonitrile (b) polycaprolactam (c) poly(trimethylene ethylene-urethane) [Ans. (a) 1887; (b) 885; (c) 532] 1.3
- Propylene does not undergo free radical polymerization readily because there are two competing steps after initiation: propagation and hydrogen atom abstraction.(a) Using a generic radical R• as a reactant with propylene, draw the mechanism and products for the two competing steps.(b) Which step produces the more stable product?(c) How do your results explain propylene’s poor reactivity in free radical polymerization?Need help with part b,c,d(a) Which monomer is most likely to undergo anionic polymerization? Justify your choice. ( b)Which one ismost likely to undergo cationic polymerization? Justify your choice.
- (4) Polybenzimidazoles are made by a two-stage step-growth melt polymerization: H2N- - NH2 -H20 H2N NH2 -фон What extent of reaction is needed to produce n = 200 in the above formula? Carry four decimal places in your answer.(1) Explain the following polymerization mechanism by showing propagation reactions with the catalyst three times (draw chemical structures of the intermediates of the first, second, and third reaction with the monomer and catalysts). LnW=CHR' tanda (2) Why is HT-3-hexyl polythiophene better in conductivity than other regioisomers? Explain the reasons from the intramolecular and intermolecular aspects, respectively.(а) Н (Б) Н (c) H Each of the monomers shown here can undergo free radical polymerization. For each polymerization: (i) Show the mechanism for the first two propagation steps, using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. (ii) Draw the condensed formula for the polymer, showing the repeating unit. (iii) Provide a name for the polymer. H H H CI Hi c=0 H OCH3 H,N Vinylidene chloride Acrylamide Methyl vinyl ether
- The following structure shows a condensation polymer of polyethylene terephthalate fibres ㅇ ㅇ || | || || || -C-( 0 )-c-o-CH,CH, - 0- C-( () )-c-0-CH,CH, - C-O -C-0-CH;CH,-O-C - What type of bond is present between the monomers? Halide Ether Amine Ester bond O AmideQq.27. Subject :- Chemistry(a) Explain why poly(vinyl alcohol) cannot be prepared by the radical polymerization of vinyl alcohol (CH2=CHOH). (b) Devise a stepwise synthesis of poly(vinyl alcohol) from vinyl acetate (CH2=CHOCOCH3). (c) How can poly(vinyl alcohol) be converted to poly(vinyl butyral), a polymer used in windshield safety glass?