Please read the information carefully: All major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, but a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue cells, referred to as its target cells. Hormones bring about their characteristic effects on target cells by altering cell activity. In other words, they increase or decrease the rates of normal cellular processes. The precise response depends on the target cell type. For example, when the hormone epinephrine binds to certain smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, it stimulates them to contract. Epinephrine binding to cells other than musclE Cells may have a different effect, but it does not cause those cells to contract. A hormonal stimulus typically produces one or more of the following changes: • 1. Alters plasma membrane permeability or membrane potential, or both, by opening or closing ion channels. • 2. Stimulates synthesis of proteins or regulatory molecules such as enzymes within the cell. • 3. Activates or deactivates enzymes. • 4. Induces secretory activity. • 5. Stimulates mitosis. How does a homone communicate with its target cell? In other words, how is hormone receptor binding harnessed to the intracellular machinery needed for hormone action? The answer depends on the chemical nature of the hormone and the cellular location of the receptor, but hormones act at receptors one of two general ways. #1 Water-soluble hormones (al amino acid-based hormones except thyroid hormone) act on receptors in the plasma membrane #2 Lipid-soluble hormones (steroid and thyroid hormones) act on intracellular receptors, which directly activate genes. After reading about hormones, please write a paragraph: What could happen to hormone function if target cells receptors are structurally incorrect? 0/ 10000 Word Limit
Please read the information carefully: All major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, but a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue cells, referred to as its target cells. Hormones bring about their characteristic effects on target cells by altering cell activity. In other words, they increase or decrease the rates of normal cellular processes. The precise response depends on the target cell type. For example, when the hormone epinephrine binds to certain smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, it stimulates them to contract. Epinephrine binding to cells other than musclE Cells may have a different effect, but it does not cause those cells to contract. A hormonal stimulus typically produces one or more of the following changes: • 1. Alters plasma membrane permeability or membrane potential, or both, by opening or closing ion channels. • 2. Stimulates synthesis of proteins or regulatory molecules such as enzymes within the cell. • 3. Activates or deactivates enzymes. • 4. Induces secretory activity. • 5. Stimulates mitosis. How does a homone communicate with its target cell? In other words, how is hormone receptor binding harnessed to the intracellular machinery needed for hormone action? The answer depends on the chemical nature of the hormone and the cellular location of the receptor, but hormones act at receptors one of two general ways. #1 Water-soluble hormones (al amino acid-based hormones except thyroid hormone) act on receptors in the plasma membrane #2 Lipid-soluble hormones (steroid and thyroid hormones) act on intracellular receptors, which directly activate genes. After reading about hormones, please write a paragraph: What could happen to hormone function if target cells receptors are structurally incorrect? 0/ 10000 Word Limit
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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After reading about hormones, please write a paragraph: What could happen to hormone function if target cells receptors are structurally incorrect?
Transcribed Image Text:**Hormone Information Overview**
All major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, but a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue cells, referred to as its target cells. Hormones bring about their characteristic effects on target cells by altering cell activity. They either increase or decrease the rates of normal cellular processes. The precise response depends on the target cell type. For instance, when the hormone epinephrine binds to certain smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, it stimulates them to contract. Epinephrine binding to other cells may have a different effect, but it does not cause those cells to contract.
**Hormonal Stimulus Effects:**
A hormonal stimulus typically produces one or more of the following changes:
1. Alters plasma membrane permeability or membrane potential, or both, by opening or closing ion channels.
2. Stimulates synthesis of proteins or regulatory molecules such as enzymes within the cell.
3. Activates or deactivates enzymes.
4. Induces secretory activity.
5. Stimulates mitosis.
**Hormone and Target Cell Interaction:**
How does a hormone communicate with its target cell? In other words, how is hormone receptor binding harnessed to the intracellular machinery needed for hormone action? The answer depends on the chemical nature of the hormone and the cellular location of the receptor; but hormones act at receptors in one of two general ways:
- **#1 Water-soluble hormones** (all amino acid-based hormones except thyroid hormone) act on receptors in the plasma membrane.
- **#2 Lipid-soluble hormones** (steroid and thyroid hormones) act on intracellular receptors, which directly activate genes.
**Reflection Activity:**
*After reading about hormones, please write a paragraph: What could happen to hormone function if target cell receptors are structurally incorrect?*
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