Please fill in the blanks: A(n)    ["action potential", "muscle twitch", "contraction"]   consists of a wave of depolarization that moves along the plasma membrane of a neuron or a muscle fiber.  This wave of depolarization is immediately followed by repolarization.  Depolarization is when the cell's membrane potential becomes more   ["resting", "negative", "positive"]            .  Depolarization occurs when calcium channels open in the plasma membrane.  Repolarization is when the cell's membrane potential becomes more           ["resting", "positive", "negative"] , returning the cell to its resting potential.  Repolarization occurs when    ["calcium", "sodium", "potassium"]            channels close and    ["sodium", "calcium", "potassium"]    channels open.

Q: c) Draw a diagram indicating how the ion concentrations will change during the repolarization phase…

A: All cells generate an electrical potential known as membrane potential across the plasma membrane.…

Q: b) Draw a diagram indicating how the ion concentrations will change during the depolarization phase…

A: During the generation of a nerve impulse the neuronal cells send an action potential to the next…

Q: Which is an example of chemotaxis? the movement of cells toward or away from a chemical stimulus the…

A: In biological terms, chemotaxis can be defined as the movement of the cells towards the chemicals…

Q: The neuromuscular junction is similar to synapses in the central nervous system in that: (SELECT ALL…

A: The neuromuscular junction is a specialized synapse that connects a motor neuron to a muscle fiber.…

Q: Therefore, a muscle cell at rest is said to be __________________ and has membrane potential.

A: An abrupt, quick, transient, and propagating shift in the resting membrane potential is referred to…

Q: Draw a typical action potential (correctly label axis) and explain in words the roles of ion…

A: An action potential (AP) occurs when the membrane potential of a particular cell position rises…

Q: Let’s say the synapses of a neuron’s dendrites are filled with glutamate-gated channels which, when…

A: EPSP refers to the excitatory postsynaptic potential which is generated as a result of the…

Q: Finally, what will be the effect on the membrane potential if K+ loan move out of the cell?a) K+…

A: The sodium-potassium pump is an important ATP-based pump found in the cell's plasma membrane. The…

Q: As mentioned in class, one additional major use of ATP in skeletal muscle (besides powering the…

A: Assumptions:The volume of a single sarcomere is roughly cylindrical.The average diameter of a…

Q: Identify the stages involved during the changes in membrane potential of the neuron represented in…

A: Nervous system is an important system which helps in maintaining the homeostasis of the human body.…

Q: Curare is a dangerous poison extract from plants that can block the binding site of Acetylcholine…

A: The conditions which likely to diminish or completely prevent tension production are 1. Reduced…

Q: Your unfortunate friend Greta has a condition where her Ca2+-ATPase works too fast. She comes to…

A: Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a crucial role in muscle contraction. They are stored in the sarcoplasmic…

Q: After an action potential has been initiated, there are two processes that prevent the membrane from…

A: The generation of action potential is very much important characteristics in nerve cells that is…

Q: In an experiment, it was determined that the motor (effector) neuron for muscle fibre 1 had a…

A: A skeletal muscle fiber will be stimulated only if the stimulus is as strong as its threshold. Only…

Q: ATP is used to power the creation of a neuron's resting potential. True False

A: Resting potential of the neuron is -70 mV.

Q: 12) when K+ voltage-gated channels open, which of the following occurs? a) depolarization  b) both…

A: In that they repolarize activated neurons to their resting state, voltage-gated potassium channels…

Q: Cardiac and skeletal muscle are both “striated” types of muscle and yet they have very distinct…

A: The skeletal muscles are a part of muscle tissue in the body. They are attached to the bones by the…

Q: Which of the following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular…

A: The following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular junction…

Q: Describewhat role potassium plays in healthy, normal excitable cells. First, describe what potassium…

A: The resting membrane potential is the result of the development of a few diverse ion species through…

Q: For this question you may use either a neuron or a skeletal muscle fiber (but not both) to answer.…

A: Nerve conduction is a general term for electrical signals carried by nerve cells. A gap called a…

Q: Match each type of membrane potential to its definition: The membrane potential at which voltage…

A: Introduction: Animal nervous systems are made up of numerous neurons that innervate muscle cells and…

Q: A neuron is moving from a voltage of -60 mV to -40 mV. This neuron is .... A) hyperpolarizing B) is…

A: Neurons(nerve cells) are defined as the basic unit of brain where they play a major role in…

Q: What force(s) act(s) to move potassium ions from the inside of the cell to the outside when a neuron…

A: The electrical signal that moves quickly and briefly along the axon of a neuron is called an action…

Q: 13) Draw a graph representing the changes in membrane potential across the axonal membrane before,…

A: The electric signals that flow down the dendrites to form a nerve impulse or an action potential are…

Q: Neurotransmitters, the chemicals used in signaling across synapses, can be either re-absorbed by the…

A: Neurotransmitters can serve as chemical messengers for ion channels, neurotransmitter mainly causes…

Q: Place the following events in chronological order from 1-8: Nat enters the cell, and depolarization…

A: Neurons have the capability of generating and transmitting nerve impulses by transporting specific…

Q: A postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs - from neurons X, Y, and Z. When X and Y are…

A: The neuron transmitting or creating a spike and incident onto a synapse is known as the presynaptic…

Q: The membrane potential labeled (0) is due to which of the following (when compared to (3) potential.…

A: Resting membrane potential is about -90 MV which suggests that the negative charge within the cell…

Q: In an experiment, it was determined that the motor (effector) neuron for muscle fibre 1 had a…

A: A skeletal muscle fiber will be stimulated only if the stimulus is as strong as its threshold.…

Q: Explain how the transmission of an action potential would be impacted if voltage- gated calcium…

A: The transmission of nerve impulse from one neuron to the next neuron occurs at the synapse that is…

Q: ) Neurons cannot respond during the absolute refractory period because: a) the concentration…

A: The absolute refractory period starts immediately after the initiation of the action potential and…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.