- Outline the mechanism of the conversion of a-ketoglutarate to succinyl- CoA catalyzed by a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Include all products, coenzymes, and reactions in your discussion.
Q: Briefly describe the biological rationale for each of the following allosteric phenomena: (a)…
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Q: What is alpha keto glutarate dehydrogenase complex?. explain very briefly.
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A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three…
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Q: Relerences In which step (of Steps I through 4) and in which turn (first, second or third) of the…
A: Answer :- In each four steps of Beta oxidation two carbon leave as acetyl-CoA in one turn. :-The…
Q: Outline the steps involved in the production of malonylCoA from acetyl-CoA.
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Q: Using the list of enzymes given below, provide all chemical structures and reactions for complete…
A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solutiononly to the first question as…
Q: After several days of starvation, the ability of the liver to metabolize acetyl-CoA via the citric…
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Q: Which of the following biochemical conversions can be carried out by the least number of proteins?…
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Q: 1. Provide a reasonable step-wise mechanism for the reaction below, involving FAD as a coenzyme and…
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Q: Look at the synthesis of citryl CoA by citrate synthase in the figure. Which of the 4 general…
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Q: Briefly describe the biological rationale for each of the following allosteric phenomena: (a)…
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A: Fatty acids are the long-chain carboxylic acid involved in the Lipids formation.
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Q: Can you please pick the right answer in each parentheses (a) to (e)?
A: Answer. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is an assembly of three individual enzymes. It is the…
Q: State the steps of ketone body formation, starting with two acetyl CoA. Please make sure to state…
A: Acetyl-CoA formed during oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, either enter the citric acid cycle…
Q: Order the cofactors based on their use in the mechanism of the a-etogluterate dehydrogenase complex.…
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Q: yelè as either anaplerotic or non-anaplerotic (cataplerotic). Anaplerotic reactions synthesis of…
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Q: . Briefly describe the biological rationale for cach of the following allosteric phenomena: (a)…
A: Allosteric regulation refers to the process for modulating the activity of a protein by the binding…
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- Identify a pathway for utilization of the four carbons of acetoacetate in cholesterol biosynthesis. Carry your pathway as far as the rate-determining reaction in cholesterol biosynthesis. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. succinyl-CoA succinate acetyl-CoA CoA-SH acetoacetyl-CoA HMG-CoA 2NADP 2NADPH+ 2H acetoacetate K UHL return to a mevalonate + CoA-SHStep 2 of B-oxidation involves a reaction with chemistry characterized as a dehydration. B-Oxidation is shown below. H HO || || C-C-S – CoA FAD но R-CH2- C Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase H-C-C -S- CoA Acetyl-CoA Fatty acyl-CoA H FADH2 - CH2 - -c-S- CoA R- Thiolase Fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbons COA-SH H. он Successive cycles R-CH2-C-C- -C-S- CoA R– CH2 C=C-C-S-CoA H B-Ketoacyl-Co.A trans-A²Enoyl-CoA NADH + H* H,0 H H L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase Enoyl-CoA hydratase R- CH,-c-c-C- S-CoA Но H NAD+ L-B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA True O FalsePlease answer the correct step and turn
- Explain why step 1 of the citric acid cycle is inhibited by succinyl-CoA. Be complete for full credit.(i) Consider a preparation that contains all the enzymes and cofactors necessary for fatty acid biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. If [2-H] acetyl-CoA labeled with deuterium, the heavy isotope of hydrogen and excess of unlabeled malonyl-CoA are added as substrates, where will you find these labeled deuterium atoms in a molecule of palmitate synthesized? Explain. S-COA (ii) Describe the steps involved in the synthesis of palmitic acid starting from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA.Fatty acid biosynthesis begins with the condensation of a two-carbon acetyl residue from acetyl-COA and oxaloacetate, while oxidation leads to the release of two carbon units, acetyl-CoA and fatty acyl-CoA. However, these two processes are not simple reversal. Compare and contrast these two pathways.
- Figure 22.3 6 shows the response of acetyl CoA carboxylase to varying amounts of citrate. Explain this effect in light of the allosteric effects that citrate has on the enzyme. Predict the effects of increasing concentrations of palmitoyl CoA.Acetyl-CoA + HCO3- → Malonyl-CoA However, the ΔG of this reaction is much greater than zero. In other words, it is endergonic. Which of the following reactions is most likely to be coupled to the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA so that it can occur? the isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate into fructose 6-phosphate - a readily reversible reaction with a negative ΔG the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate - a readily reversible reaction with a positive ΔG the hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi - an essentially irreversible reaction with a negative ΔG the reduction of NAD+ into NADH - an essentially irreversible reaction with a positive ΔGThe products of pyrimidine base catabolism, β-alanine and β-aminoisobutyrate, can be further degraded to acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, respectively. Can you suggest the types of reaction required to accomplish these transformations?
- Fill in the blanks below (input numbers only!) about the metabolism of hexanoic acid, a fatty acid that is one of the components of vanilla, and whose formula is CH3(CH2)4COOH: First, the fatty acid is activated by attaching CoA, which costs ATP molecules. The fatty acid is then broken down through a beta-oxidation spiral, to make acetyl CoA molecules. This will require "turns" of the beta-oxidation process. Since each turn of the cycle yields ATP molecules, and each acetyl COA will yield ATP molecules by going through the rest of its metabolism, the net ATP molecules produced from one molecule of this fatty acid will beThe total degradation of a fatty acid with an odd number of carbons yields acetyl-CoA and another compound, X. Show the structure of X, and describe the pathway by which it is converted into a citric acid cycle intermediate, including where any cofactors participate.State the steps of ketone body formation, starting with two acetyl CoA. Please make sure to state all the enzymes and co-factors for each reaction.