ock 3.2 mm thick. The outside diameter of the washer is 25.0 mm, and the inside diameter is 12.0 m. Determine (a) the punch and die sizes for the blanking and punching operations, (b) the force quired to perform the blanking and punching operation under the following conditions: (a) blanking d punching occur simultaneously and (b) the punches are staggered so that punching occurs first, en blanking. The aluminum has a tensile strength = 350 MPa.

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A:

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A:

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Forming and Shaping

Metal forming is a category of metalworking process through which the material can be given the desired shape and size by subjecting it to plastic deformation, where the component undergoes bulk deformation process upon application of loads. Unlike the shearing and machining process, the material does not undergo up to a failure point as indicated in the stress-strain curve. Hence, the stresses induced during the forming process are greater than yield strength but less than the failure strength of the material. The process does not lead to the loss of material, so it can be said to be an economical process. During forming, the material is subjected to tensile forces, compressive forces, bending, and shearing loading conditions. The material should possess the property of ductility to undergo the forming process.