Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Solvent Suitability for an Experiment
A particular solvent with the following properties is being considered for use in an experiment:
- Entropy of vaporization (\(\Delta S^\circ_{\text{vap}}\)) = 112.9 J/(K·mol)
- Enthalpy of vaporization (\(\Delta H^\circ_{\text{vap}}\)) = 38.0 kJ/mol
**Experiment Conditions:**
- Temperature = 75°C
- Requirement: The solvent must not boil during the experiment.
**Question:**
Based on the overall entropy change associated with the vaporization reaction, would this solvent be suitable, and why or why not?
**Answer Choices:**
- The solvent would be suitable because \(\Delta S_{\text{univ}} > 0\).
- The solvent would not be suitable because \(\Delta S_{\text{univ}} > 0\).
- The solvent would be suitable because \(\Delta S_{\text{univ}} < 0\).
- The solvent would not be suitable because \(\Delta S_{\text{univ}} < 0\).
**Note:**
To determine the suitability of the solvent based on the entropy change, consider the expression for the change in the entropy of the universe (\(\Delta S_{\text{univ}}\)), which combines changes in both the system and the surroundings. The outcome of the reaction will depend on whether this value is positive or negative under the given conditions.
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