**Title: Understanding Equilibrium Shifts in Endothermic Reactions****Reaction Overview:**Nitrogen monoxide and water react to form ammonia and oxygen as shown in the equation:\[ 4 \text{NO}(g) + 6 \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) \rightarrow 4 \text{NH}_3(g) + 5 \text{O}_2(g) \]This is an endothermic reaction, meaning it absorbs heat.**Equilibrium Considerations:**- Imagine a mixture of NO, H₂O, NH₃, and O₂ has reached equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel.- We need to predict how changes in temperature affect the composition of the mixture and the direction of the equilibrium shift.**Table: Effects of Temperature Changes on Equilibrium**| Perturbation | Change in Composition | Shift in Equilibrium ||-------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------|| The temperature is lowered. | The pressure of NO will [increase/decrease] | ☐ to the right☐ to the left☐ (none) || The temperature is raised. | The pressure of NH₃ will [increase/decrease] | ☐ to the right☐ to the left☐ (none) |**Analysis:**- Lowering the temperature in an endothermic reaction typically shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants.- Raising the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, favoring the formation of products.**Conclusion:**By understanding these shifts, students can predict how changes in conditions affect chemical reactions, crucial for controlling industrial processes and laboratory experiments.

Nitrogen monoxide and water react to form ammonia and oxygen, like this: 4 NO(g)+ 6H₂O(g) → 4 NH3(g)+50₂(g) The reaction is endothermic. Suppose a mixture of NO, H₂O, NH3 and O₂ has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation The temperature is lowered. change in composition The pressure of NO will ? The temperature is raised. The pressure of NH3 will ? Ⓒ Ⓒ shift in equilibrium to the right O to the left O (none) to the right Oto the left O (none) X S

Nitrogen monoxide and water react to form ammonia and oxygen, like this: 4 NO(g)+ 6H₂O(g) → 4 NH3(g)+50₂(g) The reaction is endothermic. Suppose a mixture of NO, H₂O, NH3 and O₂ has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation The temperature is lowered. change in composition The pressure of NO will ? The temperature is raised. The pressure of NH3 will ? Ⓒ Ⓒ shift in equilibrium to the right O to the left O (none) to the right Oto the left O (none) X S

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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