Hydrogen and fluorine react to form hydrogen fluoride, like this: H₂(g)+F₂(g) → → 2 HF(g) The reaction is exothermic. Suppose a mixture of H₂, F₂ and HF has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium to the right The temperature is lowered. The pressure of HF will ? The temperature is raised. The pressure of F2 will ? X Oto the left O (none) O to the right O to the left O (none) S
Hydrogen and fluorine react to form hydrogen fluoride, like this: H₂(g)+F₂(g) → → 2 HF(g) The reaction is exothermic. Suppose a mixture of H₂, F₂ and HF has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium to the right The temperature is lowered. The pressure of HF will ? The temperature is raised. The pressure of F2 will ? X Oto the left O (none) O to the right O to the left O (none) S
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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![### The Equilibrium Reaction Between Hydrogen and Fluorine
Hydrogen and fluorine react to form hydrogen fluoride, as represented by this chemical equation:
\[ H_2(g) + F_2(g) \rightarrow 2HF(g) \]
The reaction is exothermic. Suppose a mixture of \( H_2 \), \( F_2 \), and HF has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left.
#### Perturbation Table
| Perturbation | Change in Composition | Shift in Equilibrium |
|------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------|
| The temperature is lowered. | The pressure of HF will | ( ) to the right |
| | | ( ) to the left |
| | | ( ) (none) |
| | | |
| The temperature is raised. | The pressure of \( F_2 \) will | ( ) to the right |
| | | ( ) to the left |
| | | ( ) (none) |
#### Explanation
- **The first row addresses the effect of lowering the temperature on the pressure of HF and the shift in equilibrium.**
- Choose whether the pressure of HF will increase, decrease, or remain unchanged.
- Indicate whether the equilibrium will shift to the right (favoring the production of HF), to the left (favoring the reactants \( H_2 \) and \( F_2 \)), or not shift at all.
- **The second row addresses the effect of raising the temperature on the pressure of \( F_2 \) and the shift in equilibrium.**
- Determine whether the pressure of \( F_2 \) will increase, decrease, or stay the same.
- Indicate if the equilibrium will move to the right, left, or remain unchanged.
This exercise helps in understanding how temperature changes affect chemical equilibrium in exothermic reactions.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F20b515c9-5e3a-448e-90a2-ac3b562e1523%2F43b5c939-f4cb-4b0c-92a8-f44a2c37c695%2F3s025xp_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### The Equilibrium Reaction Between Hydrogen and Fluorine
Hydrogen and fluorine react to form hydrogen fluoride, as represented by this chemical equation:
\[ H_2(g) + F_2(g) \rightarrow 2HF(g) \]
The reaction is exothermic. Suppose a mixture of \( H_2 \), \( F_2 \), and HF has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left.
#### Perturbation Table
| Perturbation | Change in Composition | Shift in Equilibrium |
|------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------|
| The temperature is lowered. | The pressure of HF will | ( ) to the right |
| | | ( ) to the left |
| | | ( ) (none) |
| | | |
| The temperature is raised. | The pressure of \( F_2 \) will | ( ) to the right |
| | | ( ) to the left |
| | | ( ) (none) |
#### Explanation
- **The first row addresses the effect of lowering the temperature on the pressure of HF and the shift in equilibrium.**
- Choose whether the pressure of HF will increase, decrease, or remain unchanged.
- Indicate whether the equilibrium will shift to the right (favoring the production of HF), to the left (favoring the reactants \( H_2 \) and \( F_2 \)), or not shift at all.
- **The second row addresses the effect of raising the temperature on the pressure of \( F_2 \) and the shift in equilibrium.**
- Determine whether the pressure of \( F_2 \) will increase, decrease, or stay the same.
- Indicate if the equilibrium will move to the right, left, or remain unchanged.
This exercise helps in understanding how temperature changes affect chemical equilibrium in exothermic reactions.
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