Microevolution - More Mechanisms - V2 There are 5 mechanisms that affect real populations resulting in microevolution or changes to allele frequencies within a population. 1. Natural Selection 2. in gametes 3. Genetic Drift a. b. Effect Effect
Microevolution - More Mechanisms - V2 There are 5 mechanisms that affect real populations resulting in microevolution or changes to allele frequencies within a population. 1. Natural Selection 2. in gametes 3. Genetic Drift a. b. Effect Effect
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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08 mechanisms
Transcribed Image Text:Microevolution - More Mechanisms - V2
There are 5 mechanisms that affect real populations resulting in microevolution or
changes to allele frequencies within a population.
1. Natural Selection
2.
in gametes
3. Genetic Drift
a.
b.
4.
5. Non-random Mating or
a. In-breeding
b. Assortative mating
Original sequence
1. Mutations
IM
Mutations are only important to evolution if the
Point mutation
and passed on to offspring. The new mutation
provide an
for natural selection.
Ex) Daphnia adapted to warmer water are more likely to survive climate change.
2. Genetic Drift
Genetic drift is defined as
due to a
The smaller the population the less likely all of the
alleles in the parent gene pool will be reflected in the offspring gene pool.
There are two types of genetic drift.
a) The Bottleneck Effect
First is the bottleneck effect. This is a
in alleles in a
that drastically reduces
resulting from a
population size. Ex: earthquakes, volcanoes
Newly founded populations do
not always represent the genetic
diversity in the original
population.
b) The Founder Effect
Secondly, the founder effect occurs when a
few individuals
from a large population and establish a
in a
can be very different and some alleles can be missing in the new population.
Effect
Effect
Genetic Drift-Bottleneck Effect
Next
Parent
Bottleneck
Surviving
population (drastic reduction individuals generation
in population)
The new population allele ratios
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