Methane and water react to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, like this: CH4(9)+H₂O(g)-3 H₂(g)+CO(g) The reaction is endothermic. Suppose a mixture of CH4, H₂O, H₂ and CO has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium O to the right The temperature is raised. The pressure of H₂0 wil ✔ ? O to the left go up. O (none) go down. not change. O to the right The temperature is lowered. O to the left The pressure of H₂ will ? O (none) v
Methane and water react to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, like this: CH4(9)+H₂O(g)-3 H₂(g)+CO(g) The reaction is endothermic. Suppose a mixture of CH4, H₂O, H₂ and CO has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium O to the right The temperature is raised. The pressure of H₂0 wil ✔ ? O to the left go up. O (none) go down. not change. O to the right The temperature is lowered. O to the left The pressure of H₂ will ? O (none) v
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Chapter12: Chemical Equilibrium
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 121QRT: When a mixture of hydrogen and bromine is maintained at normal atmospheric pressure and heated above...
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![### Methane and Water Reaction Equilibrium
### Reaction Description:
Methane and water react to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, as illustrated by the equation:
\[ \text{CH}_4(g) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) \rightarrow 3\text{H}_2(g) + \text{CO}(g) \]
The reaction is endothermic. Suppose the mixture of \(\text{CH}_4\), \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\), \(\text{H}_2\), and \(\text{CO}\) has reached equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict how the given perturbations will affect the composition of the mixture and determine whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left.
### Table of Perturbations and Effects on Equilibrium:
| **Perturbation** | **Change in Composition** | **Shift in Equilibrium** |
|------------------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|
| The temperature is raised. | The pressure of \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\) will \[ \Box \ \text{go up}\ \Box \ \text{go down} \ \Box \ \text{not change} \] | \[ \bigcirc \ \text{to the right} \ \bigcirc \ \text{to the left} \ \bigcirc \ (\text{none}) \] |
| The temperature is lowered. | The pressure of \(\text{H}_2\) will \[ \Box \ \text{go up}\ \Box \ \text{go down} \ \Box \ \text{not change} \] | \[ \bigcirc \ \text{to the right} \ \bigcirc \ \text{to the left} \ \bigcirc \ (\text{none}) \] |
### Detailed Explanation of the Reaction Equilibrium Shifts:
- **Raising the Temperature:**
- Since the reaction is endothermic, increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right (towards the products), as more heat will favor the formation of \(\text{H}_2\) and \(\text{CO}\). This will cause an increase in the pressure of \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\).
- **Lowering the Temperature:**
- Lowering the temperature will](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1c542873-90da-4d8f-af03-4e4a6198699f%2F2f86adfa-a336-454e-93b4-bb3c6077c54e%2F0cjtxq9_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Methane and Water Reaction Equilibrium
### Reaction Description:
Methane and water react to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, as illustrated by the equation:
\[ \text{CH}_4(g) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) \rightarrow 3\text{H}_2(g) + \text{CO}(g) \]
The reaction is endothermic. Suppose the mixture of \(\text{CH}_4\), \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\), \(\text{H}_2\), and \(\text{CO}\) has reached equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict how the given perturbations will affect the composition of the mixture and determine whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left.
### Table of Perturbations and Effects on Equilibrium:
| **Perturbation** | **Change in Composition** | **Shift in Equilibrium** |
|------------------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|
| The temperature is raised. | The pressure of \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\) will \[ \Box \ \text{go up}\ \Box \ \text{go down} \ \Box \ \text{not change} \] | \[ \bigcirc \ \text{to the right} \ \bigcirc \ \text{to the left} \ \bigcirc \ (\text{none}) \] |
| The temperature is lowered. | The pressure of \(\text{H}_2\) will \[ \Box \ \text{go up}\ \Box \ \text{go down} \ \Box \ \text{not change} \] | \[ \bigcirc \ \text{to the right} \ \bigcirc \ \text{to the left} \ \bigcirc \ (\text{none}) \] |
### Detailed Explanation of the Reaction Equilibrium Shifts:
- **Raising the Temperature:**
- Since the reaction is endothermic, increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right (towards the products), as more heat will favor the formation of \(\text{H}_2\) and \(\text{CO}\). This will cause an increase in the pressure of \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\).
- **Lowering the Temperature:**
- Lowering the temperature will
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