Liposomes used in COVID vaccines also contain phospholipids like those in the plasma membrane of human cells which mediate fusion of the two membranes.  By fusion, we mean that the liposome and plasma membranes become contiguous, or become one membrane. What drives the process of fusion once the two membranes are close enough to each other?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Liposomes used in COVID vaccines also contain phospholipids like those in the plasma membrane of human cells which mediate fusion of the two membranes.  By fusion, we mean that the liposome and plasma membranes become contiguous, or become one membrane. What drives the process of fusion once the two membranes are close enough to each other?

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Introduction

Liposomes are closed the bilayer structure spontaneously formed by hydrated phospholipids that are widely used as efficient delivery systems for drugs or antigens, due to the capability to encapsulate bioactive hydrophilic, amphipathic, and lipophilic molecules into inner water phase or within lipid leaflets. The efficiency of liposomes as drug aur androgen careers has been improved in the last years to ameliorate pharmacokinetics and capacity to release their cargo in selected target organs or cells. Moreover, different formulations and variations in liposome composition have been often proposed to include immunostimulatory molecules, ligands for specific receptors, or stimuli responsive compounds.

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