A dialysis tube is constructed of a cellophane-like material. The molecular structure of the material forms a membrane containing numerous small-diameter pores. The dialysis tube containing a 10% protein solution and 10% amino acid solution was placed into a beaker containing water. After 10 minutes the water in the beaker tested positive for amino acids but negative for protein. Why were amino acids but not protein able to pass through the dialysis membrane? Water molecules blocked the pores so that the protein was unable to pass through the membrane. Amino acids, but not proteins, are small enough to pass through the pores in the tube's membrane. Protein is too hydrophobic to pass through the pores in the membrane. O Amino acids blocked the pores so that the protein was unable to pass through the membrane.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.