less After the decrease in the price level, the quantity of money demanded at the initial interest rate of 9% will be than the quantity of money supplied by the Fed at this interest rate. People will try to decrease their money holdings. In order to do so, people will buy interest rates until the money market reaches its bonds and other interest-bearing assets, and bond issuers will find that they can offer lower new equilibrium at an interest rate of 6% The following graph shows the economy's aggregate demand curve. Show the impact of the decrease in the price level by moving the point along the curve or shifting the curve. ? 180 Aggregate Demand PRICE LEVEL 150 120 90 I I T O AD1

less After the decrease in the price level, the quantity of money demanded at the initial interest rate of 9% will be than the quantity of money supplied by the Fed at this interest rate. People will try to decrease their money holdings. In order to do so, people will buy interest rates until the money market reaches its bonds and other interest-bearing assets, and bond issuers will find that they can offer lower new equilibrium at an interest rate of 6% The following graph shows the economy's aggregate demand curve. Show the impact of the decrease in the price level by moving the point along the curve or shifting the curve. ? 180 Aggregate Demand PRICE LEVEL 150 120 90 I I T O AD1

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Graphically explain (using both bond market and money market graphs) what is the impact on interest rates when the Federal Reserve decreases the money supply by selling bonds to the public. If the federal government were to reduce the income tax rates, would this have any impact on a state's cost of borrowing funds? Draw graphs and explain.
Suppose that money demand is given by M = $Y(0.30-i) where $Y is $200 and i denotes the interest rate in decimal form. Also, suppose that the supply of money is $25. Calculate the equilibrium interest rate as a percent. The equilibrium interest rate is %. (Round your response to two decimal places.) If the Federal Reserve wants to increase the interest rate by 10 percentage points (0.1 in decimal form) over and above the equilibrium interest rate determined above, at what level should it set the money supply? The money supply should be set at $ (Round your response to one decimal place.)
Suppose the Fed announces that it is raising its target interest rate by 25 basis points, or 0.25 percentage point. To do this, the Fed will use open-market operations to the money by the public. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the previous graph to illustrate the effects of this policy by placing the new money supply curve (MS) in the correct location. Place the black point (plus symbol) at the new equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money. Suppose the following graph shows the aggregate demand curve for this economy. The Fed's policy of targeting a higher interest rate will the cost of borrowing, causing residential and business investment spending to and the quantity of output demanded to at each price level. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
Q1. Suppose that money demand is given by the following function MD=$Y (0.5 - i) and that nominal GDP is given by $200. Moreover, assume that the monetary base is given by H³ = $8. It is also known that people in this economy hold all their wealth either in form of checkable deposits or in form of bonds (i.e. people hold no currency) and that banks must hold 10% of the checkable deposits as reserves. (a) Calculate the money market equilibrium using that the supply and the demand for central bank money is equal. (b) Calculate the overall supply of money. (c) What happens to the money market equilibrium if the central bank decides to increase the monetary base to Hs = $9? (d) What are the effects on the overall money supply in the economy? (Calculate the new overall supply of money and explain your result.)
2. The theory of liquidity preference and the downward-slopingaggregate demand curve The following graph shows the money market in a hypothetical economy. The central bank in this economy is called the Fed. Assume that the Fed fixes the quantity of money supplied. Suppose the price level decreases from 90 to 75. Shift the appropriate curve on the graph to show the impact of a decrease in the overall price level on the market for money. 12 Money Supply 10 Money Demand Money Supply MD1 2 MD2 10 20 30 40 50 60 MONEY (Billions of dollars) INTEREST RATE (Percent)
In July 2020, an article on reuters.com noted that: “The Fed’s total balance sheet size rose .... It was largely due to continued purchases of Treasuries and mortgage-backed securities aimed at keeping financial market conditions easy.” Why would the Fed’s buying Treasury securities and mortgage-backed securities keep “financial market conditions easy”? Why would these asset purchases cause the Fed’s balance sheet to rise? Did the Fed’s asset purchases also cause the monetary base to rise? Explain based on the graph in Question 2.
Homework (Ch 21) Consider a hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.50. The following graph shows the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD₁). Suppose the government increases its purchases by $3 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD2) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD2) is parallel to AD₁. You can see the slope of AD₁ by selecting it on the following graph. PRICE LEVEL 116 114 112 110 108 106 104 102 100 100 AD1 102 112 104 106 108 110 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) 114 116 AD₂ AD 3
The following graph shows the money market in equilibrium at an interest rate of 7.5% and a quantity of money equal to $60 billion. Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the following graph. 15.0 Money Supply Money Demand 0 Money Supply 12.5 10.0 INTEREST RATE 5 5.0 25 0 0 20 Money Demand 40 60 80 100 MONEY (Billions of dollars) 120
Match the correct policy with its description. Column A 1. 2. 3. 4. During a contraction or recession, the government can do two things: Decrease Taxes Or Increase Spending During a period of excessive inflation (during a period of expansion), the government can do two things: Increase Taxes Or Decrease Spending Increased lending by banks to customers (increased money supply) Lower Interest Rates on loans and bank accounts Increased borrowing from the Fed by banks Decreased lending by banks to customers (decreased money supply) Higher Interest Rates on loans and bank accounts Decreased borrowing from the Fed by banks % 5 M Column B a. Expansionary Fiscal Policy b. Contractionary Monetary Policy c. Contractionary Fiscal Policy d. Expansionary Monetary Policy
Let’s study the crowding-out effect which is triggered by a discretionary fiscal policy. How does a temporary increase in government purchase affect the interest rate based on the money supply-demand model? Why? Suppose we are having stagflation because of a supply shock. Please show the temporary increase in government purchases can restore the long-run macroeconomic equilibrium using a graph. What is the meaning of the crowding-out effect? Please show the short-run crowding out effect using a graph.
Use the information in the following table to answer the next question. In the table, investment is in billions. (1) Interest Rate (2) Investment (billions of dollars) (3) Investment (billions of dollars) 4% $100 $80 5 90 70 6 80 60 7 70 50 8 60 40 Suppose the Fed increases the interest rate from 5 percent to 6 percent. As a result of this increase in the interest rate, using column (2) investment will Multiple Choice increase by $20 billion. decrease by $10 billion. increase by $10 billion. decrease by $20 billion.
According to the reading, the Fed's mission is to: promote easy access to commodity money. promote maximum employment and stable prices. promote high interest rate for savers. promote an understanding of its role in the economy.