4. Changes in the money supply The following graph represents the money market in a hypothetical economy. This economy has a central bank, similar to the Bank of Canada, called the Fed. Unlike in Canada, the economy is closed (that is, the economy does not interact with other economies in the world). The money market is currently in equilibrium at an interest rate of 2.5% and a quantity of money equal to $0.4 trillion, as indicated by the grey star. INTEREST RATE (Percent) 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 Money Demand 0.1 0.2 Money Supply 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.3 MONEY (Trillions of dollars) 0.8 New MS Curve New Equilibrium (? Suppose the Fed announces that it is lowering its target interest rate by 75 basis points, or 0.75 percentage point. To do this, the Fed will use open- market operations to ▼ the money by the public.

4. Changes in the money supply The following graph represents the money market in a hypothetical economy. This economy has a central bank, similar to the Bank of Canada, called the Fed. Unlike in Canada, the economy is closed (that is, the economy does not interact with other economies in the world). The money market is currently in equilibrium at an interest rate of 2.5% and a quantity of money equal to $0.4 trillion, as indicated by the grey star. INTEREST RATE (Percent) 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 Money Demand 0.1 0.2 Money Supply 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.3 MONEY (Trillions of dollars) 0.8 New MS Curve New Equilibrium (? Suppose the Fed announces that it is lowering its target interest rate by 75 basis points, or 0.75 percentage point. To do this, the Fed will use open- market operations to ▼ the money by the public.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Scenario 2 Suppose the money demand is given by MdYx (0.4 - i) = where i is the interest rate. Suppose income Y totals 250. 9. Refer to Scenario 2. If the money supply is M³ = 25, what is the equilibrium interest rate? 10. Refer to Scenario 2. Suppose the Federal Reserve just met and decided they would like to decrease the interest rate by 4 percentage points (compared to the equilibrium rate you found in the previous question). What kind of monetary policy should it use, and what would the money supply have to equal to achieve that goal? (Your answer should be two items: first is expansion or contraction, the second is the actual amount the money supply should be.)
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Suppose the Federal Reserve has set the money supply at $4 million. The table below shows the interest rate and total demand for money. Interest Rate Demand (in millions) 20% $1 15 2 10 3 5 4 0 5 What is the equilibrium interest rate? Multiple Choice 0 percent 20 percent 10 percent 5 percent
6. Targeting the money supply or interest rates The following graph shows an increase in the demand for money from 2020 (MD2020 to 2021 ( MD202) caused by an increase in aggregate output. The initial equilibrium interest rate in 2020 was Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) chooses not to alter the money supply between 2020 and 2021. On the following graph, use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money that would result from this lack of intervention. NOMINAL INTEREST RATE (Percent) 6.50 Money Supply 6.25 6.00 5.75 5.50 5.25 5.00 4.75 4.50 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 14 1.5 QUANTITY OF MONEY (Trillions of dollars) MD 2021 MD 2020 No Intervention New MS Curve + With Intervention Suppose the Fed wants to keep 2021 interest rates at their 2020 level. On the previous graph, place the green line (triangle symbols) to indicate the new money supply curve if the Fed follows this policy. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the…
13. (Question 6 on p.347) Explain the links between changes in the nation's money supply, the interest rate, investment spending, aggregate demand, and real GDP (and the price level). A change in the nation's money supply (achieved by changing reserves in the banking system) will cause an opposite change in the interest rate. A reduction in the money supply will make funds increasingly ( scarce, abundant ) and drive (up, down) their price (interest rate). The interest rate and investment spending are also ( directly, inversely) related. A rising interest rate will make some investments (capital spending projects) unprofitable, so spending on those will (increase, decline ). Investment spending is part of aggregate demand, so they will move together, as will real GDP. A decline in spending (AD) will (increase, reduce ) inflationary pressure (and will ( increase, reduce ) prices if they are downwardly flexible).
MS, MS, MD М, м, QUANTITY OF MONEY The graph above shows a decrease in the money supply. Which of the following is consistent with this change? Contractionary Fiscal Policy is used to reduce income and increase Inflation Contractionary Monetary Policy is used to increase interest rates and decrease Inflation Expansionary Fiscal Policy is used to decrease income and decrease Inflation Expansionary Monetary Policy is used to lower interest rates and decrease Inflation NOMINAL * INTEREST RATE
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TOPIC: Equilibrium in the money market NOTE: Everything you need will be in the picture. Thank you
Suppose that the money supply increases by 20 percent. If there is no inflation, what does the quantity theory of money tell us must happen to real GDP? It must increase by more than 20 percent. It must increase by less than 20 percent. It must increase by exactly 20 percent. None of the above are correct. Which of the following statements is true of the federal funds market? No banks are refused loans in the federal funds market. In the federal funds market, banks with a shortage of reserves borrow funds, while banks with an excess of reserves lend them out. The interbank lending system works more efficiently in periods of financial panic than in periods of financial stability. Although the federal funds market aims to provide liquidity to needy banks, it is not very popular as overnight loans are logistically inefficient for large banks. On a graph with real GDP growth on the x-axis and the unemployment rate on the y-axis, you plot each year's values for the United States as…
Suppose that the supply of credit cards is given by (1/201) X = q, the nominal interest rate is 0.09, real GDP is Y = 53, and the price level is P = 101. What must be the quantity of money supplied for this money market to be in equilibrium. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
The FED has recently decided to reverse the massive buildup of its holding of Treasury and mortgage bonds. Thus, they began to sell these Treasury securities in the financial markets to remove liquidity from them and reduce the supply of money and credit in the economy. This will create a shortage in the money market.
(Figure: A Money Market) The accompanying figure Equilibrium in the Money Market shows the money market in equilibrium at an interest rate of r2. Holding the money supply constant, which of the following might cause the interest rate in the market to decrease to r1? A) The inflation rate falls to historically low levels. B) Higher payroll taxes cause employers to pay workers cash under the table. C) There is a significant increase in the stock market. D) A recession decreases real GDP.