Lab Workshop 5: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes Each student work group choose a Leader (reads activity out loud, poses questions to group), Facilitator (makes sure everyone is participating equally, directs the conversation), Recorder (takes note on discussion, learned concepts and any conclusions), and Presenter (announces conclusions or presents activity to class). A. Nomenclature of Unbranched Alkanes (IUPAC System - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) Alkane = molecule consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by single bonds. Critical Thinking Question (CTQ): 1. Cross out each molecule that is not an alkane H2 H3C CH3 CH CH3 H,C CH H,C H,C CH3 HO H3C CH3
Lab Workshop 5: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes Each student work group choose a Leader (reads activity out loud, poses questions to group), Facilitator (makes sure everyone is participating equally, directs the conversation), Recorder (takes note on discussion, learned concepts and any conclusions), and Presenter (announces conclusions or presents activity to class). A. Nomenclature of Unbranched Alkanes (IUPAC System - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) Alkane = molecule consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by single bonds. Critical Thinking Question (CTQ): 1. Cross out each molecule that is not an alkane H2 H3C CH3 CH CH3 H,C CH H,C H,C CH3 HO H3C CH3
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
![HC CH,
Lab Workshop 5: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes
Each student work group choose a Leader (reads activity out loud, poses questions to group), Facilitator (makes sure
everyone is participating equally, directs the conversation), Recorder (takes note on discussion, learned concepts and any
conclusions), and Presenter (announces conclusions or presents activity to class).
A. Nomenclature of Unbranched Alkanes (IUPAC System – International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
Alkane = molecule consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by single bonds.
Critical Thinking Question (CTQ):
1. Cross out each molecule that is not an alkane
H2
H3C
`CH3
HạC
CH
`CH3
H,C
CH
H3C
H3C
`CH3
HO
H3C
CH3
Memorization Task 1:
Unbranched Alkanes
NAME
Structure
# carbon atoms
methane
CH4
CH;CH;
CH;CH;CH;
ethane
propane
butane
CH;(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH;(CH2),CH3
CH;(CH2),CH3
4
5
pentane
hexane
6
heptane
octane
CH3(CH2),CH3
8.
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2)»CH3
CH3(CH2)10CH3
CH3(CH2)1|CH3
CH3(CH2)12CH3
CH3(CH2)18CH3
nonane
9
decane
10
undecane
11
dodecane
12
tridecane
13
tetradecane ...
14
eicosane
20
Critical Thinking Questions:
2. Write the correct name of the unbranched alkane in CTQI.
3. What suffix do all the names of unbranched alkanes have in common?
4. What prefix stands for six carbons?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F930d3168-a585-468d-92e1-cb09429930c2%2Fa81b1fdb-2cbd-4216-af2a-dff8aad53eff%2Flt40ex9_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:HC CH,
Lab Workshop 5: Nomenclature of alkane and cycloalkanes
Each student work group choose a Leader (reads activity out loud, poses questions to group), Facilitator (makes sure
everyone is participating equally, directs the conversation), Recorder (takes note on discussion, learned concepts and any
conclusions), and Presenter (announces conclusions or presents activity to class).
A. Nomenclature of Unbranched Alkanes (IUPAC System – International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
Alkane = molecule consisting entirely of carbon and hydrogen atoms connected by single bonds.
Critical Thinking Question (CTQ):
1. Cross out each molecule that is not an alkane
H2
H3C
`CH3
HạC
CH
`CH3
H,C
CH
H3C
H3C
`CH3
HO
H3C
CH3
Memorization Task 1:
Unbranched Alkanes
NAME
Structure
# carbon atoms
methane
CH4
CH;CH;
CH;CH;CH;
ethane
propane
butane
CH;(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH;(CH2),CH3
CH;(CH2),CH3
4
5
pentane
hexane
6
heptane
octane
CH3(CH2),CH3
8.
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2);CH3
CH3(CH2)»CH3
CH3(CH2)10CH3
CH3(CH2)1|CH3
CH3(CH2)12CH3
CH3(CH2)18CH3
nonane
9
decane
10
undecane
11
dodecane
12
tridecane
13
tetradecane ...
14
eicosane
20
Critical Thinking Questions:
2. Write the correct name of the unbranched alkane in CTQI.
3. What suffix do all the names of unbranched alkanes have in common?
4. What prefix stands for six carbons?
![B. Nomenclature of Branched Alkanes:
Parent Chain = longest continuous carbon chain found in a branched compound.
Substituent = groups branching off the parent chain (side chain numbering always starts at the atom connected to the parent
chain);
Alkyl groups = substituent groups branching off the parent chain that consist entirely of carbon and hydrogen.
locant = the carbon number where a group branches off the parent chain (used to indicate the location of a substituent)
Critical Thinking Question (CTQ):
5. Circle the parent chain in each molecule below and name the parent chain.
6. Number the parent chain to give the substituents the lowest number possible.
CH3
CH3
CH
2
CH,
Parent chain = octane
IUPAC name = 2,5,6-trimethyloctane
Commonly found alkyl substituents
Structure
Memorization Task 2:
NAME
# carbon atoms
methyl
ethyl
п-propyl
isopropyl
CH-
CH,CH,
CH,CH-CH-
2
H,C
H,C
CH(CH2)½CH2-
n-butyl
4
isobutyl
CH-CH
H.C
sec-butyl
CH,
CH
in
CH,
H,C
tert-butyl
4
H,C
|n-pentyl
CH:(CH),CHy-
5
NOTE- If multiple different substituents exist on a parent chain, list them alphabetically, not including the di, tri, sec or tert
prefixes (but iso is included when alphabetizing)
7. In the IUPAC name in CTQ6, what information do the numbers in the names convey?
8. What does the word "tri" indicate?
9. Give the IUPAC names for the remaining two molecules above.
10. Explain what is wrong with each of the following names and correct each name:
4,4-dimethylpentane
a.
b. 1,1,1-trimethylbutane
c. 2,2-methylpentane
d. 2-dimethylpentane
e. 6-ethyl-2-methyl-4pentyloctane](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F930d3168-a585-468d-92e1-cb09429930c2%2Fa81b1fdb-2cbd-4216-af2a-dff8aad53eff%2F8qsk986_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:B. Nomenclature of Branched Alkanes:
Parent Chain = longest continuous carbon chain found in a branched compound.
Substituent = groups branching off the parent chain (side chain numbering always starts at the atom connected to the parent
chain);
Alkyl groups = substituent groups branching off the parent chain that consist entirely of carbon and hydrogen.
locant = the carbon number where a group branches off the parent chain (used to indicate the location of a substituent)
Critical Thinking Question (CTQ):
5. Circle the parent chain in each molecule below and name the parent chain.
6. Number the parent chain to give the substituents the lowest number possible.
CH3
CH3
CH
2
CH,
Parent chain = octane
IUPAC name = 2,5,6-trimethyloctane
Commonly found alkyl substituents
Structure
Memorization Task 2:
NAME
# carbon atoms
methyl
ethyl
п-propyl
isopropyl
CH-
CH,CH,
CH,CH-CH-
2
H,C
H,C
CH(CH2)½CH2-
n-butyl
4
isobutyl
CH-CH
H.C
sec-butyl
CH,
CH
in
CH,
H,C
tert-butyl
4
H,C
|n-pentyl
CH:(CH),CHy-
5
NOTE- If multiple different substituents exist on a parent chain, list them alphabetically, not including the di, tri, sec or tert
prefixes (but iso is included when alphabetizing)
7. In the IUPAC name in CTQ6, what information do the numbers in the names convey?
8. What does the word "tri" indicate?
9. Give the IUPAC names for the remaining two molecules above.
10. Explain what is wrong with each of the following names and correct each name:
4,4-dimethylpentane
a.
b. 1,1,1-trimethylbutane
c. 2,2-methylpentane
d. 2-dimethylpentane
e. 6-ethyl-2-methyl-4pentyloctane
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