7. How many structural isomers does CH:O have? Draw them. Rubric: 1 point: possible number of structure 1 point: Illustration of each possible structure 8. Name and draw the structural formula of each isomer of pentene. Rubric: 1point: Name 1 point: Structure

7. How many structural isomers does CH:O have? Draw them. Rubric: 1 point: possible number of structure 1 point: Illustration of each possible structure 8. Name and draw the structural formula of each isomer of pentene. Rubric: 1point: Name 1 point: Structure

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter10: Fuels, Organic Chemicals, And Polymers

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6QRT

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What is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Distinguish between normal and branched hydrocarbons. What is an alkane? What is a cyclic alkane? What are the two general formulas for alkanes? What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes? What are the bond angles in alkanes? Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive? The normal (unbranched) hydrocarbons are often referred to as straight-chain hydrocarbons. What does this name refer to? Does it mean that the carbon atoms in a straight-chain hydrocarbon really have a linear arrangement? Explain. In the shorthand notation for cyclic alkanes, the hydrogens are usually omitted. How do you determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon in a ring structure?
What is meant by the term “unsaturated hydrocarbon”? What structural feature characterizes unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.
Functionalized Hydrocarbons Identify each compound according to its functional group (e.g.,amine,ester,etc.):
What are aromatic hydrocarbons? Benzene exhibits resonance. Explain. What are the bond angles in benzene? Give a detailed description of the bonding in benzene. The electrons in benzene are delocalized, while the electrons in simple alkenes and alkynes are localized. Explain the difference.
Consider a sample of a hydrocarbon at 0.959 atm and 298 K. Upon combusting the entire sample in oxygen, you collect a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor at 1.51 atm and 375 K. This mixture has a density of 1.391 g/L and occupies a volume four times as large as that of the pure hydrocarbon. Determine the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon and name it.
Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.
Select those compounds that can be correctly called unsaturated and classify each one as an alkene or an alkyne: a.CH3CH2CH3f. b.CH3CH=CHCH3g. c.h.CH2=CHCH2CH3 d.i. e.
V, VI and VII, thank you.
B.3 Isomers of C6H14 elgmo Complete the following table with the four isomers of the alkane C6H14. The first isomer is done for you: Give the IUPAC name of each. Hint: two isomers have one branch and two isomers have two branches and none of the isomers are ringed systems. Complete Structural Formula H H H H нн Нн Н-с-с-с-С-с-с-Н Ī Ī I I H. H H H H H Name: Hexane Complotn Ctrund 5.
4: Draw out the abbreviated structural formula of the following molecules. 4-Methyl-2-hexene 2-Methyl-2-hexene 2-Hexene 5: Draw the structure of 2-Butene, labeling the n bond and all the B bonds. 6: Draw all the structures possible with the formula CSH8.
Directions are in the pictures, thank you.