In a trial designed to test the effectiveness ofaspirin in preventing heart disease, 11,037 malephysicians were treated with aspirin and 11,034male physicians were given placebos. Among thesubjects in the aspirin treatment group, 139experienced myocardial infarctions (heart attacks).Among the subjects given placebos, 239experienced myocardial infarctions. Use a 0.05significance level to test the claim that aspirin hasno effect on myocardial infarctions.A) Test the claim using a hypothesis test.B) Test claim using appropriate confidenceinterval.

Answered: In a trial designed to test the…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Two professors at a local college developed a new teaching curriculum designed to increase students' grades in math classes. In a typical developmental math course, 53% of the students complete the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. In the experimental course, of the 15 students enrolled, 10 completed the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. Is the experimental course effective at the a = 0.05 level of significance? Complete parts (a) through (g). (b) Verify that the normal model may not be used to estimate the P-value. npo (1 - Po) : (Round to one decimal place as needed.) Весause = 3.7 < 10, the normal model may not be used to approximate the P-value. (c) Explain why this is a binomial experiment. There is a fixed number of trials with two mutually exclusive outcomes. The trials are independent and the probability of success is fixed at 0.53 for each trial. (Type an integer or a decimal. Do not round.) (d) Determine the P-value using the binomial probability distribution.…
Vitamin E and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: Klien et al (2011) conducted the following study to determine the effect of vitamin E and selenium treatment on the risk of developing prostate cancer in healthy men. A total of 34,887 men from different study sites in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico were randomly selected. To be eligible to participate, the men had to take a rectal examination that showed he was not suspicious of having prostate cancer and be aged 50 years or older for black men and 55 years or older for all others. Each man was randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments: selenium, vitamin E, selenium and vitamin E together, or a placebo. The men were followed up after 8 years to see if they had developed prostate cancer or not. The main question of interest is to determine if the risk of developing prostate cancer differs by the treatment taken. The data are summarized in the table below: No Prostate Cancer Prostate Cancer Total Selenium 8,752 8,737 8,702…
Two professors at a local college developed a new teaching curriculum designed to increase students' grades in math classes. In a typical developmental math course, 51% of the students complete the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. In the experimental course, of the 18 students enrolled, 13 completed the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. Is the experimental course effective at the a= 0.05 level of significance? Complete parts (a) through (g). ..... (a) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. 0.51 versus H: p Но (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) > 0.51 %D (b) Verify that the normal model may not be used to estimate the P-value. Because npo (1- Po) = 4.5 > 10, the normal model may not be used to approximate the P-value. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) (c) Explain why this is a binomial experiment. There is a fixed number of trials with two mutually exclusive outcomes. The trials are independent and the probability of success is fixed at…
In the past 10 years, the prevalence of peanut allergies has doubled in Western countries. Is consumption or avoidance of peanuts in infants related to the development of peanut allergies in infants at risk? Subjects included infants between four and 11 months with severe eczema, egg allergy, or both but who did not display a preexisting sensitivity to peanuts based on a skin-prick test. The infants were randomly assigned to either a treatment that avoided consuming peanut protein or a treatment in which at least 6 grams of peanut protein were consumed per week. The response was the presence or absence of peanut allergy at 60 months of age. In the avoidance group containing 263 infants, 36 had developed a peanut allergy at 60 months of age, while in the consumption group containing 266 infants, five had developed a peanut allergy. George Du Toit et al., "Randomized trial of peanut consumption in infants at risk for peanut allergy," New England Journal of Medicine, 372 (2015), pp.…
According to a certain government agency for a large country, the proportion of fatal traffic accidents in the country in which the driver had a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is 0.38. Suppose a random sample of 105 traffic fatalities in a certain region results in 51 that involved a positive BAC. Does the sample evidence suggest that the region has a higher proportion of traffic fatalities involving a positive BAC than the country at the a = 0.01 level of significance? Because npo (1 - Po 10, the sample size is 5% of the population size, and the sample the requirements for testing the hypothesis satisfied. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) can be reasonably assumed to be random, What are the null and alternative hypotheses? is given to be random, cannot be reasonably assumed to be random, Ho: versus H,: (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) is given to not be random, Find the test statistic, zo. Z0 = (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Find the P-value.…
Two professors at a local college developed a new teaching curriculum designed to increase students' grades in math classes. In a typical developmental math course, 54% of the students complete the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. In the experimental course, of the 15 students enrolled, 12 completed the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. Is the experimental course effective at the a = 0.01 level of significance? Complete parts (a) through (g). (a) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. Ho: (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) versus H,:
Although an increasing share of Americans are reading e-books on tablets and smartphones rather than dedicated e-readers, print books continue to be much more popular than books in digital format (digital format includes both e-books and audio books). A Pew Research Center survey of 1502 adults nationwide conducted January 8-February 7, 2019, found that 1081 of those surveyed had read a book in either print or digital format in the preceding 12 months. (You may regard the 1081 adults in the survey who had read a book in the preceding 12 months as a random sample of readers.) Andrew Perrin, "One-in-five Americans now listen to audiobooks," September 25, 2019 at www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/09/25/one-in-five-americans- now-listen-to-audiobooks/. The sampling scheme was more complex than an SRS, so the computation of the number in the sample who have read in the preceding 12 months and acting as if it were an SRS is oversimplified Macmillan Learning STATE: What can you say with 95%…
The drug Finasteride is marketed as Propecia to help protect against male pattern baldness, and it also may protect against prostate cancer. A large sampleof healthy men over age 55 were randomly assigned to receive either a daily Finasteride pill or a placebo. The study lasted seven years and the men had annual check-ups and a biopsy at the end of the study. Prostate cancer was found in 804 of 4368 men taking Finasteride and in 1145 of the 4692 men taking a placebo. the 95% confidence interval for the risk difference is (-0.077, -0.043). Compared to this confidence interval, a 98% confidence interval for the risk difference is: a.) wider b.) there is not enough information provided to decide c.) half the width d.) the same width e.) narrower
Two professors at a local college developed a new teaching curriculum designed to increase students' grades in math classes. In a typical developmental math course, 55% of the students complete the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. In the experimental course, of the 15 students enrolled, 11 completed the course with a letter grade of A, B, or C. Is the experimental course effective at the a = 0.1 level of significance? Complete parts (a) through (g). Is there sufficient evidence to support the research that the experimental course is effective? A. No, reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is less than a. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the experimental course is effective. B. Yes, reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is less than a. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the experimental course is effective. CC. No, do not reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is greater than a. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that…
The fecal occult blood test, widely used both in physicians’ offices and at home to screen patients for colon and rectal cancer, examines a patient’s stool sample for blood, a condition indicating that cancer may be present. A recent study funded by the National Cancer Institute found that of 15,000 people tested on an annual basis, 10% were found to have blood in their stools. These 10% underwent further testing, including colonoscopy, the insertion of an optical-fiber tube through the rectum in order to inspect the colon and rectum visually for direct indications of cancer. Only 2.5% of those having colonoscopy actually had cancer. Additional information in the study suggests that, of the patients who were tested, approximately 5 out of 1,000 tested negative (no blood in the stool) but eventually did develop cancer. Create a probability table that shows the relationship between blood in a stool sample and colorectal cancer. Calculate P(Cancer|Blood) and P(Cancer|No Blood). The study…

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In a trial designed to test the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing heart disease, 11,037 mal physicians were treated with aspirin and 11,03- male physicians were given placebos. Among t subjects in the aspirin treatment group, 139 exnerienced myOcardial infarctions (heart atta