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Q: What is artificial selection? Provide an example.
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In a Gwas study, why is it important to a.) Recruit thousands of people and b. Categorize participants according to trait
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- A. Does this study include a control group? Explain. B. Is this an experimental study or an observational study? Explain. C.Is this a completely randomized design or a randomized block design? Explain. D. Which strategy for reducing bias was not adopted in this study? How might its absence have affected the results?Which of the following can the results of a QTL tell you? a. Identify all of the causative genes underlying a trait. b. Identify the specific marker locus causes the phenotype you are tracking. c. Identification of regions of the genome that are associated with a trait. d. Identify haplotypes associated with specific traits of interest in other populations.Do you think there is a need to validate problem prioritization? Why or why not? Why do you think there is a need to collect data in problem identification?
- Researchers enroll 100 cases of lung cancer in a study, and 35% are White and 52% are male. Controls are selected so that 35% of the control group participants are White and 50% of control group participants are male. This is an example of: Researchers enroll 100 cases of lung cancer in a study, and 35% are White and 52% are male. Controls are selected so that 35% of the control group participants are White and 50% of control group participants are male. This is an example of: Individual matching Randomization Group frequency matchingWhen randomizing people to the intervention v. control group in the context of a randomized controlled trial, you should: Choose to enroll the people who are most likely to comply with your study protocol into the intervention group to avoid the problem of people not following through with the prescribed treatment you wish to study and thus lowering your chances of detecting an effect. Allow people to give their informed consent to participate in your study after they find out whether they have been randomized to one of the groups (either intervention or control), so that people who have doubts about any potential risks can make an informed choice about their participation after knowing what group they will be in. Make sure that you are aware of which people are in the intervention group and which are in the control group so that you can tailor your research questions to their groups. All of the above None of the aboveWhat is meant by evidence-based?
- The fundamental axiom of preventive medicine suggests that: Select one: a. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat those individuals preventatively. O O b. We should screen the population to identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat only those individuals. C. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then only treat those individuals who show symptoms of disease. d. We should not screen the population and identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) as they become sick and then treat only those individuals.You are asked to draw and explain the goal of the Meselson-Stahl (1958) Experiment as outlined in the classroom. You need to draw your own diagram and use short sentences to explain the steps and/or important points, deductions. Clearly state what happens at each step.What is the primary reason for randomizing group allocation in a randomized controlled trial (RCT)? Question 3 options: to create treatment and control groups of equal size to blind participants to their group allocation to evenly distribute known and unknown factors that may affect the outcome between groups to increase the treatment effect between intervention and control groups
- Which parameters are important to include when designing a GWAS (genome-wide association study) to identify genes involved in Polycystic Kidney disease in individuals of Korean ancestry? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices a. Compare Korean individuals with the disease to unaffected Korean individuals b. Pursue SNPs only in exonic loci for further study c. Pursue SNPS only in genes related to kidney development for further study d. Set strong statistical thresholds to identify SNPs related to the disease state over the general variation observed in populations e. Compare Korean individuals with the disease to every available genome for a stronger statistical power.The following are reasons why randomized control trials (RCTs) are not used to investigate all research questions, except: a. RCTs can be expensive, which can make it difficult if funding is limited b. RCTs can be time-consuming, and it may take months and sometimes years to obtain final results c. For certain research questions and/or certain types of exposure variables, it may not be ethical to conduct an RCT d. RCTs are less valid than observational analytical study designsThe α level in the context of reporting findings from a randomized controlled trial corresponds to the probability of concluding: Correctly that the treatment and control groups differ with respect to risk of outcome. That the treatment and control groups differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do not. Correctly that the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome. That the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do. That you don’t have sufficient information to present results.