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Illustrate through arrows the pathway of the action potential of the pain of Joy G. from the periphery to the CNS.

Illustrate through arrows the pathway of the action potential of the pain of Joy G. from the periphery to the CNS.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Illustrate through arrows the pathway of the action potential of the pain of Joy G. from the periphery to the CNS.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Case Study Joy G. is a 48-year old married mother of 3 active boys, ages 12, 15, and 18. She enjoys attending her sons' sporting events and providing "Mom-Taxi" services for her sons and their friends. She also loves her part-time job as a hairdresser at a popular salon. Seven months ago, Joy began noticing stiffness in both hands in the morning that lasted longer and longer. Stiffness now lasted more than 1 hour every morning and included hands, wrists and ankles. She also had increasing difficulty standing for long periods at work or at home due to foot and ankle pain. She began taking ibuprofen 800mg 3 times daily and found it helped her get through her day with less pain and stiffness. Three months ago, Joy noticed pain in her right and left shoulders when she would cut or blow dry her client's hair. She also began feeling extremely tired and short tempered. She had no energy to do her usual activities. Ibuprofen was no longer very effective for her pain or stiffness. One morning, Joy could not lift her arms at all without extreme shoulder pain. She knew it was time to get help. She had been speaking with her friends and they encouraged her to see a doctor. She saw her Primary Care Physician (PCP), who examined her and ran a few preliminary blood tests. The blood tests revealed positive rheumatoid factor, CCP antibodies, elevated ESR and C-reactive protein. Joy was informed of these results and her PCP referred her to a Rheumatologist to be seen as soon as possible. In order to facilitate a timely consultation, Joy was scheduled with the rheumatology Nurse Practitioner (NP) for her new patient appointment. Upon arrival at the rheumatology office, Joy was asked to provide a complete medical history. At her scheduled appointment time, the Certified Medical Assistant (CMA) escorted Joy into the exam room, where her weight and height were measured and vital signs taken. The CMA reviewed her medications and their dosages with her and documented them in the electronic medical record. The NP introduced herself and proceeded to take a complete history. She asked about Joy's parents' and grandparents' medical histories, family illnesses, Joy's medical and surgical history and information about her family and work lives. A thorough physical examination was conducted, including examination of all of Joy's joints, many of which were tender and swollen. Her Rapid 3 Score was 21.8, consistent with severe impairment and significant disease activity. The NP discussed the examination findings with Joy, and reviewed the laboratory tests from her PCP. The NP ordered x-rays of Joy's feet, hands and shoulders. Additional laboratories were ordered and drawn by the CMA.
Transcribed Image Text:Rheumatoid Arthritis Case Study Joy G. is a 48-year old married mother of 3 active boys, ages 12, 15, and 18. She enjoys attending her sons' sporting events and providing "Mom-Taxi" services for her sons and their friends. She also loves her part-time job as a hairdresser at a popular salon. Seven months ago, Joy began noticing stiffness in both hands in the morning that lasted longer and longer. Stiffness now lasted more than 1 hour every morning and included hands, wrists and ankles. She also had increasing difficulty standing for long periods at work or at home due to foot and ankle pain. She began taking ibuprofen 800mg 3 times daily and found it helped her get through her day with less pain and stiffness. Three months ago, Joy noticed pain in her right and left shoulders when she would cut or blow dry her client's hair. She also began feeling extremely tired and short tempered. She had no energy to do her usual activities. Ibuprofen was no longer very effective for her pain or stiffness. One morning, Joy could not lift her arms at all without extreme shoulder pain. She knew it was time to get help. She had been speaking with her friends and they encouraged her to see a doctor. She saw her Primary Care Physician (PCP), who examined her and ran a few preliminary blood tests. The blood tests revealed positive rheumatoid factor, CCP antibodies, elevated ESR and C-reactive protein. Joy was informed of these results and her PCP referred her to a Rheumatologist to be seen as soon as possible. In order to facilitate a timely consultation, Joy was scheduled with the rheumatology Nurse Practitioner (NP) for her new patient appointment. Upon arrival at the rheumatology office, Joy was asked to provide a complete medical history. At her scheduled appointment time, the Certified Medical Assistant (CMA) escorted Joy into the exam room, where her weight and height were measured and vital signs taken. The CMA reviewed her medications and their dosages with her and documented them in the electronic medical record. The NP introduced herself and proceeded to take a complete history. She asked about Joy's parents' and grandparents' medical histories, family illnesses, Joy's medical and surgical history and information about her family and work lives. A thorough physical examination was conducted, including examination of all of Joy's joints, many of which were tender and swollen. Her Rapid 3 Score was 21.8, consistent with severe impairment and significant disease activity. The NP discussed the examination findings with Joy, and reviewed the laboratory tests from her PCP. The NP ordered x-rays of Joy's feet, hands and shoulders. Additional laboratories were ordered and drawn by the CMA.
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