Q: In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal…
A: In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal…
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Q: What is the muscarininc acetylcholine receptor? Where is it expressed?
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Describe the biosynthesis of acetylcholine in cholinergic neurons
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- In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal synthesis and release acetylcholineTRUE OR FALSEMalathion is an insecticide commonly used in the horticultural industry. Many homeowners apply this chemical to their trees to rid them of infestation by aphids or other insects. Malathion is classified as an organophosphate insecticide. Exposure to malathion is very dangerous to humans and animals because it acts as an irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Predict what might happen to synaptic communication between cholinergic neurons if an individual or animal was poisoned with malathion, and clearly describe the mechanisms at work.Briefly describe how silent glutamatergic synapses become activated during long term potentiation, describing all of the key neurotransmitters and their post-synaptic receptors and events that give rise to the process.
- Nervous system functions that directly employ acetylcholine neurotransmitters are referred to as cholinergic. Drugs that might be therapeutic in treating the symptoms of dopamine loss in Parkinson’s disease could include multiple choice 1 dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic antagonists. dopaminergic antagonists and cholinergic agonists. dopaminergic agonists and cholinergic agonists. 2. From the information provided, drugs used to treat Parkinson’s disease symptoms will act at which location? multiple choice 2 The globus pallidus The substantia nigra The striatum 3. Which of the following might be therapeutic in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease symptoms? multiple choice 3 all of these choices listed may be therapeutic increasing dopamine receptor responsiveness monoamine oxidase inhibition increasing dopamine release decreasing dopamine…Under anesthesia, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can be given in combination with blockade of muscarinic receptors. Explain the purpose of the two treatments.Propose reagents for the conversion of (B) to (C).
- Propose a mechanism for the conversion of (C) to (D). (Note: It is not acceptable to propose a primary carbocation as an intermediate.)Briefly describe where a cholinergic drug acts and how itaffects the postsynaptic receptors. Give two examples ofits possible effects on function.Explain the use acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter?
- What is the role of oxidate stress in the development of Parkinson's disease? Oxidative stress plays an important role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. The disruptions in the physiologic maintenance of redox protection in neurons interfere with the process, which ends up leading to cell death?Explain how monoamines are inactivated at the synapse and how this process can be clinically manipulated.discuss the excitatory NMDA receptor, the role of the Mg++ ion, and how NMDA activation can produce Long Term Potentiation (which could underlie memory). Finally, what is the seemingly unique involvement of neighboring glia cells in helping to regulate both GABA and Glutamate neurotransmission and why might that glia cell role occur
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