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Identify the elements correctly shown by decreasing radii size. Cu²+ > Cut OK+ > K ON ³-> N ON>№ ³- OS > S²-

Identify the elements correctly shown by decreasing radii size. Cu²+ > Cut OK+ > K ON ³-> N ON>№ ³- OS > S²-

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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### Understanding Ionic Radii Atoms and ions differ in size, primarily depending on their electrical charge. When an atom loses or gains electrons, it forms ions that are either smaller or larger than the original atom due to the change in the number of electrons and the resulting electron-electron repulsion forces. The prompt in the image asks to "Identify the elements correctly shown by decreasing radii size." Below are the options provided: 1. ⃝ Cu²⁺ > Cu⁺ 2. ⃝ K⁺ > K 3. ⃝ N³⁻ > N 4. ⃝ N > N³⁻ 5. ⃝ S⁻ > S²⁻ ### Explanation: 1. **Cu²⁺ > Cu⁺**: This option suggests that a copper ion with a 2+ charge is larger than a copper ion with a 1+ charge. However, losing more electrons (i.e., going from Cu⁺ to Cu²⁺) typically results in a smaller ionic radius due to less electron-electron repulsion and increased effective nuclear charge. Hence, this option is incorrect. 2. **K⁺ > K**: This option posits that a potassium ion with a 1+ charge is larger than a neutral potassium atom. However, K⁺ has lost an electron, leading to a smaller ionic radius compared to the neutral K atom. Hence, this option is incorrect. 3. **N³⁻ > N**: This suggests that a nitrogen ion with a 3- charge is larger than a neutral nitrogen atom. This is true, as adding electrons (going from N to N³⁻) increases electron-electron repulsion, resulting in a larger ionic radius. Hence, this option is correct. 4. **N > N³⁻**: This suggests that a neutral nitrogen atom is larger than a nitrogen ion with a 3- charge. However, gaining electrons increases the ionic radius due to electron-electron repulsion, meaning a neutral N atom would be smaller than N³⁻. Hence, this option is incorrect. 5. **S⁻ > S²⁻**: This option suggests a sulfur ion with a 1- charge is larger than a sulfur ion with a 2- charge. However, adding more electrons (going from S⁻ to S²⁻) increases electron-electron repulsion
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding Ionic Radii Atoms and ions differ in size, primarily depending on their electrical charge. When an atom loses or gains electrons, it forms ions that are either smaller or larger than the original atom due to the change in the number of electrons and the resulting electron-electron repulsion forces. The prompt in the image asks to "Identify the elements correctly shown by decreasing radii size." Below are the options provided: 1. ⃝ Cu²⁺ > Cu⁺ 2. ⃝ K⁺ > K 3. ⃝ N³⁻ > N 4. ⃝ N > N³⁻ 5. ⃝ S⁻ > S²⁻ ### Explanation: 1. **Cu²⁺ > Cu⁺**: This option suggests that a copper ion with a 2+ charge is larger than a copper ion with a 1+ charge. However, losing more electrons (i.e., going from Cu⁺ to Cu²⁺) typically results in a smaller ionic radius due to less electron-electron repulsion and increased effective nuclear charge. Hence, this option is incorrect. 2. **K⁺ > K**: This option posits that a potassium ion with a 1+ charge is larger than a neutral potassium atom. However, K⁺ has lost an electron, leading to a smaller ionic radius compared to the neutral K atom. Hence, this option is incorrect. 3. **N³⁻ > N**: This suggests that a nitrogen ion with a 3- charge is larger than a neutral nitrogen atom. This is true, as adding electrons (going from N to N³⁻) increases electron-electron repulsion, resulting in a larger ionic radius. Hence, this option is correct. 4. **N > N³⁻**: This suggests that a neutral nitrogen atom is larger than a nitrogen ion with a 3- charge. However, gaining electrons increases the ionic radius due to electron-electron repulsion, meaning a neutral N atom would be smaller than N³⁻. Hence, this option is incorrect. 5. **S⁻ > S²⁻**: This option suggests a sulfur ion with a 1- charge is larger than a sulfur ion with a 2- charge. However, adding more electrons (going from S⁻ to S²⁻) increases electron-electron repulsion
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