The following pedigree traces the inheritance of a certain genetic disease in a family. The circles represent women and the squares represent men. Individuals with darkened shapes have the disease, while individuals with white shapes do not. The lines indicate the relationship between individuals, either through marriage or by birth. Study the chart and then answer the question. How many women have the disease in this pedigree? Five One Four This image depicts a pedigree chart, which is used to track the inheritance patterns of specific traits across generations within a family.**Key Elements:**1. **Generations**: The chart is divided into three generations, labeled I, II, and III, from top to bottom.2. **Symbols**: - **Squares** represent males. - **Circles** represent females. - **Filled Symbols** (solid black) indicate individuals who express a certain trait. - **Empty Symbols** (white) indicate individuals who do not express the trait. - The square labeled "A" represents an individual of unspecified or special note.3. **Lines**: - **Horizontal lines** connecting a circle and square represent mating. - **Vertical lines** that descend from a horizontal line represent offspring. - **Siblings** are connected by horizontal lines that extend from the vertical line of their parents.**Analysis**:- In **Generation I**, there are two sibling groups. The left group has a female expressing the trait and connected to a non-expressing male, while the right group comprises a male expressing the trait connected to a non-expressing female. - **Generation II** shows the offspring of these matings. This includes individuals exhibiting the trait and those who do not. The trait appears more frequently among siblings in both groups.- **Generation III** indicates a further mix, with some offspring expressing the trait and others not. The individual labeled "A" is noteworthy, possibly due to their role in further genetic studies or importance within the family context.This chart is instrumental in studying patterns such as autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance and could be used for educational purposes in understanding genetic concepts.

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Description: The following pedigree traces the inheritance of a certain genetic disease in a family. The circles represent women and the squares represent men. Individuals with darkened shapes have the disease, while individuals with white shapes do not. The line

Answered: I II II A

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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The following pedigree traces the inheritance of a certain genetic disease in a family. The circles represent women and the squares represent men. Individuals with darkened shapes have the disease, while individuals with white shapes do not. The lines indicate the relationship between individuals, either through marriage or by birth. Study the chart and then answer the question.

How many women have the disease in this pedigree?

Five

One

Four

This image depicts a pedigree chart, which is used to track the inheritance patterns of specific traits across generations within a family.

**Key Elements:**

1. **Generations**: The chart is divided into three generations, labeled I, II, and III, from top to bottom.

2. **Symbols**:
- **Squares** represent males.
- **Circles** represent females.
- **Filled Symbols** (solid black) indicate individuals who express a certain trait.
- **Empty Symbols** (white) indicate individuals who do not express the trait.
- The square labeled "A" represents an individual of unspecified or special note.

3. **Lines**:
- **Horizontal lines** connecting a circle and square represent mating.
- **Vertical lines** that descend from a horizontal line represent offspring.
- **Siblings** are connected by horizontal lines that extend from the vertical line of their parents.

**Analysis**:

- In **Generation I**, there are two sibling groups. The left group has a female expressing the trait and connected to a non-expressing male, while the right group comprises a male expressing the trait connected to a non-expressing female.

- **Generation II** shows the offspring of these matings. This includes individuals exhibiting the trait and those who do not. The trait appears more frequently among siblings in both groups.

- **Generation III** indicates a further mix, with some offspring expressing the trait and others not. The individual labeled "A" is noteworthy, possibly due to their role in further genetic studies or importance within the family context.

This chart is instrumental in studying patterns such as autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance and could be used for educational purposes in understanding genetic concepts.

Expert Solution

Step 1: Introduction

The genes located on the nuclear chromosomes obey the Mendelian law of inheritance. In the human being, the nuclear genome carries most of the generation information of the individual which gets inherited from one generation to the next generation.

The pedigree is the family tree diagram used to represent the pattern of inheritance in the family. The pedigree is a diagrammatic representation of the inheritance of genes across the family. In pedigree, the female is represented by a circle while the square use to represent the male. The pedigree analysis helps to analyze the existing data when there is no possibility to perform the controlled crosses. Pedigrees are most applicable for Human genetics, which helps to reveal the inheritance of genes in humans in many generations

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