Hydrophobic signals after binding to the cell-surface receptors activate downstream signal transduction proteins inside the cells. Select one: O True O False
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- Describe three ways in which a gradual increase inan extracellular signal can be sharpened by the target cellto produce an abrupt or nearly all-or-none response.You perform a competition study on a GPCR. You have isolated the plasma membrane from cells which contains the GPCR of interest. If an agonist and an inverse agonist are at equal concentrations in your study but the inverse agonist has a 10 x higher affinity for the receptor than the agonist, what would you expect to be the overall outcome to be? More of the agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its active conformation and is stimulated More of the inverse agonist is bound and so most of the receptor is in its inactive conformation and is unstimulated.Which type of receptor alters the cytoskeleton when a ligand binds to it? Integrin receptor G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) O Receptor-enzyme O Receptor-channel Submit Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again; One attempt remaining This either opens or closes a channel, or alters intracellular enzyme activity in response to ligand binding.
- Classify plasma membrane receptors according to the signal transduction pathways they initiate.Contrast receptor down-regulation and receptors desensitization.Compare/contrast intracellular vs. plasma membrane receptors. Where is each receptor located, and what type of signal molecule binds to each receptor?
- DESCRIBE THE MECHANISM FOR FAST LIGAND-GATED CHANNELS AND THE TYPES OF CHANGES THEY CAN PRODUCE IN THE CELL MEMBRANE.Describe three different responses of a cell-surfacereceptor on binding a signaling molecule and undergoing aconformational change.Which of the following is the best description of how a G protein coupled receptor responds to a ligand binding? O Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G protein to swap out GTP for GDP Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G proteins to dimerize and trigger cross-phosphorylation Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G protein to become activated, then the G protein travels through the plasma membrane to activate an enzyme Binding of ligand to the G protein triggers it to swap out GDP for GTP, causing it to become activated OOO O
- Choose high or low When the ion binding sites pumps are open to the inside of the cell the pump has a high/low affinity to potassium and a high/low affinity for sodium. When the ion binding sites are open on the outside the pump has a high/low affinity to potassium and a high/low affinity to sodiumLet’s say that the intracellular tonicity is 300 mosm. Checkmark the correct response to what would happen to the cell when it is placed in the following solutions prepared from sucrose (impermeable), NaCl (impermeable), and urea (permeable). Solution Nothing Swell Shrink 100 mM sucrose 200 mM NaCl 300 mM urea 300 mM NaCl 100 mM sucrose + 100 mM NaCl 100 mM ureaMembrane receptors bind to hydrophobic signaling molecules. T/F