Answered: Hydrogen cyanide gas is a lethal poison…

Hydrogen cyanide gas is a lethal poison that binds to the last cytochrome molecule in the electron transport chain. What effect would this have at the cellular level?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Since cells of Halobacterium require high levels of Na+ for growth,why is this not true for the organism’s cytoplasmic enzymes?
Which of the following components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the only one to be considered a peripheral protein? the cytochrome a-a3 complex the cytochrome c oxidase complex coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) the cytochrome b-c1 complex cytochrome c
You experiementally apply the compund antimyctin, which inhinits the functioning of complex III, cytochrome reductase, from participating in redox reactions. You follow this with the addition of 6 molecules of FADH2. How many total ATP molecules can be created using the number of protons that were pumped?
TOM A given enzyme is able to utilize five different substrates. The Km's have measured for each substrate. Which substrate is most likely the biochemi relevant one in the cell? In other words, which one is most likely the pred vivo substrate for this enzyme? (Choose the one best answer). Substrate 1 with KM= 4.7 × 10-1 M. Substrate 2 with Km = 1.5 × 10-2 M. Substrate 3 with KM = 1.5 x 10-8 M. × Substrate 4 with Km= 4.7 × 10-³ M Substrate 5 with KM = 4. 7 × 10-5 M
How do cytosolic NADH electrons get to the electron transport chain under aerobic conditions? My idea was that it used oxidation.
Extremophiles are microorganisms that can survive and proliferate in extreme environments. One group of such microorganisms are lithotrophs. These are found deep beneath the Earth's surface, living on rocks under anaerobic conditions and surviving on CO2 as their sole source of carbon. Imagine that you are studying a newly discovered lithotroph and are trying to determine what it uses as a source of electrons for reducing CO2 and for producing energy. Which one of the following conditions must be met for a molecule to serve as a useful electron donor? Oxidation of the molecule occurs with a decrease in free energy. Oxidation of the molecule occurs with an increase in free energy. Reduction of the molecule occurs with a decrease in free energy. O Reduction of the molecule occurs with an increase in free energy.
Assume there is no cyanide poisoning. What would happen if the inner mitochondrial membrane was permeabilized to the point where it no longer served as a barrier, affecting the proton gradient and ATP synthesis?
Yeast are facultative anaerobic organisms that can make ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but are also capable of switching to fermentation under anaerobic conditions. For thousands of years, humans have used yeast, such as Saccharomyces cervesisiae, to ferment grapes (starch sugar) to make wine (alcoholic beverage). Four batches of wine were made following the contents and conditions listed in the table below, Contents and Conditions of Four Batches of Wine Yeast Solution Water Grape Solution Batch Added Container (L) (L) (L) Lid 1 40 0.0 8 оpen 2 40 0.2 8 closed 40 0.2 8. оpen 4 40 0.2 closed 9. The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) would produce the greatest amount of ATP is the batch of wine numbered 1 4 D. The highest alcohol (ethanol) content would be found in the batch of wine numbered 02 3
While the conversion of glucose (Glc) to pyrucate (Pyr) is shared across all domains of life, the route to get there can differ dramatically. In some Archaea, for example, some of the key steps in glycolysis differ. One example of this is the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) to 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). Instead of the two-step process catalyzed by GAPDH and PGK: GAPDH GAP + Pi + NAD+ -----> BGP + NADH PGK BGP + ADP <-----> 3PG + ATP The archaeal pathway utilizes the enzyme non-phosporylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPN) to catalyze the metabolically irreversible step shown below: GAPN GAP + NADP+ ---> BGP + NADPH In bacteria and eukaryotes, GAPDH/PGK are not regulated via allosteric activation or inhibition. Do you imagine this is the same for GAPN? Why or why not?
Why do the cytochrome electron-transfer processes have different standard reduction potentials, despite the fact that they all utilize the identical iron oxidation–reduction reaction?
Below is a diagram of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Arrows indicate the direction of electron flow between the components of this chain. Identify each lettered item by filling in the blanks below the diagram.
In the electron transport chain (ETC), the electrons carried by an NADH molecule have the potential energy to create 2.5 ATP molecules while the electrons carried by an FADH₂ molecule have the potential energy to create only 1.5 ATP molecules. Please explain why this happens.