How many tested antibiotics targeted the folate pathway and DNA/RNA synthesis?

Q: List two features limiting the adaptation of nonvascularplants.

A: Non vascular plants are those plants which do not have vascular system, they lack of xylem and…

Q: Why do critical instruments need to be sterile, whereas semicritical instruments need only be free…

A: Laboratory instrument is defined as a general term used for all kinds and types of instruments,…

Q: What were the challenges in manufacturing vaccine? Why was speed necessary? What were the obstacles.

A: A biological preparation intended to produce active acquired immunity against a specific infectious…

Q: What was one benefit of the vaccine produced by the command economy?

A: Command economy is also called as a planned economy, where the government controls all the economic…

Q: What is the methods used for identifying unknown bacteria?

A: Ability of identifying various microorganisms have many important application.For example,in the…

Q: Why did it take so long for scientists to figure out that infections are caused by bacteria? What…

A: Bacteria is prokaryotic microorganism.

Q: How do probiotics work?

A: Probiotics means sample containing beneficial bacteria. Probiotics generally considered safe to…

Q: Why are b- lactam antibiotics only bactericidal to growing bacteria?

A: Beta-lactam antibiotics are the antibiotics that are bactericidal, which means they kill bacteria.…

Q: Explain the importance of each of the following plasmids: conjugative plasmid, R plasmid, Col…

A: Biotechnology is a branch of biology, including the use of living organisms to produce products.…

Q: Are foraminiferan tests single-chambered or multi-chambered?

A: Foraminiferans are the single celled organisms and they are the members of a phylum or class of…

Q: What are the reasons behind antibiotic resistance

A: Antibiotics are used to cure bacteria-caused infections. When microbes evolve in reply to antibiotic…

Q: If a bacterial species is not susceptible to an antibacterial drug at the concentration present in a…

A: Antibiotic susceptibility test is the test used to determine the effect of antibiotic to an…

Q: Name 3 ways that antibiotics affect prokaryotic cells

A: The Gram-positive bacteria are consisting of membrane surrounded by a tough and rigid cover called…

Q: Why are the restriction enzymes added last to the digestion mixtures?

A: The restriction enzyme is the end component added to a reaction to ensure that it is not exposed to…

Q: 1) What is NDM-1? How can NDM-1 spread to different types of bacteria? 2) Why are Gram negative…

A: Antibiotic resistance is provided by beta-lactamase, which breaks the structure of antibiotics. A…

Q: Why do goats develop resistance to the antibiotic penicillin?

A: Delving deeper into how goats, develop resistance to antibiotics such as penicillin: 1. Exposure to…

Q: Discuss the general principles of antibiotic therapy.

A: Therapy that can kill or stop the growth of microbes such as bacteria, fungi are called…

Q: What is the mechanism of action of cisplantine as an anticancer agent?

A: Cisplantine is a chemotherapeutic drug. It has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers…

Q: What is the focus of the Housemann-Rodrik-Velasco growth diagnostic framework?

A: This growth diagnostic framework was give by Hausmann-Rodrik-Velasco.Framework suggests an…

Q: Is E.coli resistant to the antibiotic produced from the S. griseus strain?

A: Antibiotic resistance develops in bacteria by transferring an antibiotic-resistant gene from…

Q: Explain how the capsule can protect the bacteria from antibiotics and the immune system.

A: A huge structure found in many bacteria is the bacterial capsule. It's a polysaccharide layer that…

Q: Are tryptophan supplements safe?

A: L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid as the body is unable to make it on its own. It is acquired…

Q: What is the major source of antibiotics and what appears to be thenatural function of antibiotics in…

A: Step 1: Antibiotics, also called as antibacterials, are substances that destroy bacteria or slow…

Q: How long is the generation time of E coli?

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms.

Q: who invented Olaparib

A: A drug called olaparib is used to treat some cancers, specifically ovarian and breast cancers that…

Q: What are other methods of measuring the sensitivity of organisms to antibiotic?

A: An antibiotic is a substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms,…

Q: Why is there an inverse relationship between the dilution factor and the amount of virus in…

A: The dilution factor is the calculation of how much a new solution is less concentrated than the…

Q: Why was the calcium chloride, bacteria, plasmid mixture incubated on ice and not at room…

A: The method of gene transfer in which rDNA is inserted directly into the host cell is called direct…

Q: Why are antibiotics used in livestock production?

A: Antibodies are used in livestock production because : Antibiotics prevent Animal Suffering.…

Q: What method did Coghill suggest to produce penicillin?.

A: A number of diseases can be managed and treated using penicillin. It is a kind of antibiotic known…

Q: what does oxacillin resistant mean? how  the pathogen may have become oxacillin resistant

A: Oxacillin is a narrow spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of penicillin class which is used to treat…

Q: In which growth phase is the organism most sensitive to the antibiotic?

A: Microorganisms produced in closed culture (also known as batch mode) exhibit a repeatable…

Q: What is meant by ‘narrow spectrum antibiotics’?

A: Antibiotics are the drugs used to kill bacterial species by limiting their cell division or…

Q: T4 phage isolated from E. coli strain B infect E. coli strain K,

A: T4 is a capable of undergoing only a lytic cycle  the phage initiates an E.coli infection by…

Q: Would there be any advantage to administering a bacteriostatic agent along with penicillins? Any…

A: Antibiotics, as the name suggests, are antimicrobial compounds that are either bactericidal or…

Q: What is a probiotic? How does it differ from a prebiotic?

A: Nutraceuticals are products that have nutritional value and can be used as medicines. It provides…

Q: Identify what type of control--positive or negative--was used by the NVU scientists to evaluate the…

A: "Antimicrobial resistance develops whenever bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve and no…

Q: Which Part Of The Bacteria Actually Gets Stained?

A: The primary goal of staining is to show cytological details that would otherwise go undetected;…

Q: What is the mechanism that makes Bacteria resistant to Beta-lactams

A: The majority of bacteria are composed structurally of a cell membrane that is encased in a cell…

Q: Name the element which caused minamatta disease in Japan.

A: Minamata disease appeared as an epidemic in 1956 in Minamata, a town in Japan.

Q: What are the specific E. coli strains used to make competent cells? Explain the characteristics of…

A: Competent cells are the ones that are prepared to easily take-up modified plasmids (containing…

Q: What is  bactericide exposure?

A: The term bactericide is related to bacteria. Bacteria are unicellular and prokaryotic organisms that…