How many high-energy phosphate bonds must be hydrolyzed in the pathway that produces GMP from guanine andPRPP by the PRPP salvage reaction, compared with the numberof such bonds hydrolyzed in the pathway leading to IMP and thento GMP?

Q: What does the complete hydrolysis of DATP and dTMP yield?

A: Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) is a nucleotide used in cells for DNA synthesis, as a substrate…

Q: Explain why coenzyme Q is an effective mobile electron carrier in the electrontransport chain.

A: Electron transport system occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria or the cristae. A series…

Q: Discuss the role of E286 in the proton transfer carried out by cytochrome c oxidase.  What are the…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: What is formed when serine 195 acts as a nucleophile on the carbonyl carbon of the peptide bond?…

A: A catalyst is a molecule that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction. The amount of catalysts…

Q: Nó Chloroplasts 0.45 Chloroplasts in the 0.4 dark Chloroplasts in the light 0.35 0.3 10 15 Time…

A: 2H2O +2A ---->2AH2 + O2 This is called hill reaction where A is the artificial hydrogen acceptor…

Q: Do you think that catalase should be able to attach to other substrates besides H2O2? Why or why…

A: Catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction by which hydrogen peroxide is broken down into…

Q: Predict the locations of 14C in Aspartate synthesis using the following labeled 14C succinate.

A: Given, Structure of radio label succinate: -OO14C-CH2-14CH2-14COO- Succinate is an intermediate of…

Q: In nitrogen acquisition, what two metabolic pathways generate NH4+?Describe each one focusing on the…

A: The assimilation of ammonium into glutamate is the process where the element nitrogen is assimilated…

Q: An inhibitor that specifically labels chymotrypsin at histidine 57 is N-tosylamido-l-phenylethyl…

A: Trypsin is an enzyme that helps to digest protein. It breaks down the process of digestion that…

Q: By analysis of the kinetics of interconversion of (1-13C]FBP and [6-13C]FBP and the appearance of…

A: Anaerobiosis is the phenomenon of existence of life under anaerobic (absence of O2) conditions.

Q: Which of the following redox reactions would be expected to proceed as written? (Assume standard…

A: Gibbs free energy change is the thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate maximum…

Q: What is the oxidation state of sulfur in SO42?

A: Oxidation number, also called as oxidation state is the total number of electrons which an atom…

Q: What are the typical electron donors used by dissimilativesulfur-reducers?

A: Certain microbes reduce the elemental form of sulfur to H2S (hydrogen sulfide) in an anaerobic…

Q: Now imagine that only the Cu center was replaced by Zn(II). What would you expect to happen to the…

A: Cytochromes c oxidase: This complex is seen in Mitochondria during the oxidative phosphorylation…

Q: The inhibitor X prevents coenzyme Q (Q) from participating in electron transfer in the electron…

A: Electron transport chain is a chain of electron carriers present in the inner mitochondrial…

Q: Looking at the structure of RDV-TP, what changes in the structure of the molecule does the active…

A: The building blocks of DNA and RNA are purine and pyrimidin. Purine are heterocyclic compound.…

Q: Which of these metabolic by-products can increase RER above 1.0?     Ca2+     lactate     H+…

A: Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) is the ratio between the volume of CO2 being produced by the body…

Q: In step 4 of glycolysis, F16BP is converted to GAP and DHAP. In the mechanism carried out by the…

A: The conversion of fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate is carried out by aldolase enzyme into…

Q: How would the activity of a reaction catalyzed by a version of subtilisin with all three residues in…

A: Subtilisin is a serine protease produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Serine proteases are…

Q: As you look though the chemical synthesis of Sovaldi and the biolological conversion to the…

A: Sovaldi is a medication used to treat hepatitis C. It is only recommended with some combination of…

Q: All the dehydrogenases of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle use NAD+ (E°' for NAD+/NADH is -0.32…

A: NADH/FADH2 are also known as reducing equivalents. These reducing equivalents are produced in the…

Q: serine proteases act via a two-step catalytic mechanism. However, as a critical scientist, you may…

A: Serine proteases are protein cleaving enzymes that have Serine, Histidine and Aspartate (the…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.