how does the band structure of a solid makes it an insulator, semiconductor or conductor?

College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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how does the band structure of a solid makes it an insulator, semiconductor or conductor?

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Step 1

Explanation:

Conductor:

The conductor is a material that contains free movable charges which conduct an electric current when a potential difference is applied to the ends of the conductor. The conduction band of the conductor completely overlaps the valance band which allows it to conduct electricity.

 

Insulator:

The insulator is a material that does not contain free movable charges due to which it does not conduct an electric current when a potential difference is applied to the ends of it. The conduction band of the insulator does not overlap with the valance band and there is a large gap between both the bands. This gap does not allow charges from the valance band to jump to the conduction band due to the high energy requirement.

 

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