How does ionic composition of endolymph differ from most extracellular fluids? It is K+-poor and Na+-rich. It is Ca2+-poor and Na+-rich It is K+-rich and Na+-poor. It is Ca2+-poor and Na+-poor.
Q: Over time, the most accurate route from anxiety to depression include neurotransmitter deficiency…
A: Serotonin The most well-known neurotransmitter may be serotonin. Anxiety and sadness are related to…
Q: The mutation of which of the following proto-oncogenes can lead to an increased susceptability to…
A: Introduction:- Cancer or malignancy is defined as the uncontrolled and unregulated proliferation of…
Q: Around Wisconsin we see six types of prairie communities (Short grass, Mesic tall grass etc.). This…
A: Prairie communities are ecosystems characterized by the presence of grasses and other herbaceous…
Q: Calculate the PO2 of air that is made up of 21% oxygen. We are at sea level where atmospheric…
A: The pressure of a single gas component in a mixture of gases is referred to as partial pressure. It…
Q: How will tissue PO2 change (if at all) in an exercising muscle that does not receive an increase in…
A: Partial pressure- Portion of the total pressure exerted by the presence of a single gas molecule.…
Q: Transition Revise your initial response from Slide 5 using information from the TEXT. How do blood…
A: Glucose, is the fundamental sugar present in the blood. It comes from the food we eat, and is the…
Q: QUESTION 47 Refer to the table below, which summarizes conditions used in four experiments in which…
A: Photosynthesis is a process in which Photosynthetic organsims carrying Photosynthetic pigments are…
Q: For each tube in a serial dilution, 1 ml of one solution is diluted into 5 ml H₂O. Determine the…
A: Dilution factor - In dilution process a stalk solution is diluted. The times of dilution (factor by…
Q: Determine the blood type given the condition. Anti-A, anti-B, and anti-Rh antibodies are absent (two…
A: Blood does not coagulate when it is donated to an individual with the blood group AB by someone of…
Q: The pacemaker potential describes a slow depolarization of the membrane from -60 mV to -40 mV to…
A: A small structure known as the sinoatrial node (SAN) is located in the right atrium, close to the…
Q: History- From the earliest days of medicine, women have been considered inferior versions of men. In…
A: Human rights protect the aforementioned rights, although there are some constraints when there is a…
Q: A cell with intracellular osmolarity of 280 mOsm/L is placed into three different containers varying…
A: The correct answer is option C. 340 mOsm/L Here, a cell with intracellular osmolarity of 280 mOsm/L…
Q: Why do we observe PdO/PdOx particles via HAADF-STEM but not via SEM?
A: PdO/PdOx particles are nanoparticles composed of palladium (Pd) and oxygen (O) atoms. These…
Q: Farming is often done on the large-scale to allow for high-volume production. For example, tomatoes…
A: Tomato plants are a type of flowering plant in the nightshade family. They are native to South…
Q: Which of the following are characteristics that distinguish cancer cells from normal cells? Check…
A: It is possible for cancer cells to separate from the primary tumor and move through the blood or…
Q: Responses of the Pulmonary System to Acute Exercise during Short-Term, Light to Moderate Submaximal…
A: Exercise can also boost cardiovascular health by strengthening the heart and increasing the…
Q: Answer the following questions using this information: Bowhead whales can live up to 150 years,…
A: ANSWER) The whales have strong survival upto the adulthood as the parental care is involved but as…
Q: The logistic model incorporates carrying capacity to make the model exponential
A: The average population of a species present in a given area is referred to as carrying capability.…
Q: For a laboratory exercise of basic techniques in microbiology: Gram stain and Microscopy. What are…
A: "Gram staining is important in microbiology because it allows scientists to quickly and easily…
Q: Define ecological efficiency, including ranges of ecological efficiencies in nature. The proportion…
A: Energy transfer efficiency from one trophic level to the next is referred to as ecological…
Q: A bitemporal hemianopsia is caused by a lesions in both lesion in the optic chiasm lesion in the…
A: Bitemporal hemianopsia is a visual defect.
Q: An RNA polymerase is transcribing a segment of DNA that contains the following sequence:…
A: RNA polymerase copies the genetic information from the DNA segment and transcribes the RNA from 5'…
Q: Use the Information below to answer the question. Compound A B с Binds to receptor Yes Yes No…
A: Signal transduction is described as a process through which molecular signals are transmitted from…
Q: Animals, especially cattle, are a reservoir for this pathogen, but it does not cause illness in…
A: Cattle are domesticated and herbivorous animals belonging to the family "bovidae." Cattle may be…
Q: Students filled three identical flasks with water and placed elodea, a type of aquatic plant, in…
A: Aquatic plants It is possible to show how oxygen evolves during photosynthesis using aquatic…
Q: QUESTION 46 In eukaryotic mitochondrial chemiosmosis, a proton-motive force allows protons to move…
A: A molecular assembly in the inner mitochondrial mebrain carries out the synthesis of ATP. This…
Q: Dysfunctional production of the neurotransmitters, me influence cognitive function dysfunction in…
A: Dysfunctional production of the neurotransmitters mentioned in class can influence cognitive…
Q: Create a concept map or an illustration drawing for each phylum (annelida, Platyhelminthes, nemotod,…
A: Concept maps are visualized representations of information that are presented in the form of graphs,…
Q: Which of the following DOES NOT alter a [population’s genetic composition? a. random mating b.…
A: Introduction Genetics is the study of genetic characteristics of an organism in a population.…
Q: Certain types of pathogens are unable to infect humans due to ________. A) a reduction in human T…
A: Pathogens are living organisms that cause diseases. Different pathogens cause infections in…
Q: Describe what a occurs on the slide when antibodies bind to its target antigens.
A: Antibodies are the globulins involved in adaptive immune responses. They are produced by the plasma…
Q: How does exercising at sea level affect the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
A: An important part of the transfer of oxygen is handled by hemoglobin. How much oxygen is linked to…
Q: Mutualisms categorized by a place to live are called a/an habitat mutualism community mutualism…
A: The exchange of commodities between two species, known as mutualist partners, is what is known as a…
Q: What is a genetic study ?
A: Gene is a stretch of DNA which codes for a particular trait. DNA and thus genes are found in…
Q: The following is a Mannitol Salt Agar plate. What does the growth on this plate indicate? ww t ASM's…
A: Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms. Microorganism are…
Q: 13-What name is given to the process that adds a third phosphate to ADP by flow of H+ ions? a)…
A: Adenosine triphosphate ATP is the energy currency of cell. ADP is Adenosine di phosphate. Addition…
Q: Which of the following is an example of biological magnification? O Increasing concentrations of…
A: Introduction Biological magnification is defined as the increasing concentration of toxic substances…
Q: Continually training with a specific loading condition that does not vary over time will most likely…
A: Muscle action specificity is the idea that certain muscles are used in specific ways and for…
Q: Which of the following is not always a protein structure?
A: Proteins are macromolecules. The polymerization of amino acids makes the proteins.
Q: The most rapid sensory fiber conducting sensorial information to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord…
A: Sensory fibres are nerve fibres that transmit sensory information from the body to the central…
Q: 37° 3/4/2016 The following cultures are the same bacteria grown at different temperatures. Based on…
A: Bacteria develop at different temperatures. Mesophiles are microorganisms that thrive in moderate…
Q: Explain in detail two different genetic mutations that can promote the development of cancer.…
A: A mutation in a gene that codes for a protein involved in a crucial biological process, such as DNA…
Q: Nucleation of microtubules is a process by which they become embedded in the nuclear envelope before…
A: Introduction Microtubules are major elements of the anatomical structure. they're found all told…
Q: Denitrification occurs under: anaerobic conditions aerobic conditions both aerobic…
A: Denitrification is the process in which the nitrogen compounds makes its way back into the…
Q: Which of the following alterations of chromosome structure is less likely to produce negative health…
A: Chromosome mutations in biology refer to the alteration of DNA strands that make up the chromosomal…
Q: The manner in which psychoactive drugs work include all, but not mimic neurotransmitter block…
A: Psychoactive drugs operate by temporarily affecting a person's neurochemistry, which in turn causes…
Q: Emlen hypothesized that the location of horns developed in positions where a dung beetle species…
A: A hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction about the possible outcome of an experiment or…
Q: Virus release through ______________ kills the host cell, but release through ______________ does…
A: virus life cycle shows several steps such as attachment to the host cell , penetration,…
Q: es Classify the following characteristics according to whether they describe typical cells or cancer…
A: The cell is the functional unit of life. It is composed of various small sub cellular level…
Q: ) Two islands with similar topologies have the same size and same distance from the mainland. One…
A: Two islands with similar topology mean they have connected in the same way.vicariance means…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- If sodium permeability were to increase compared to normal what would be the resulting effect on the membrane potential 1.The charge on the inside of the cell becomes less negative compared to resting conditions and hyperpolarizes 2.The charge on the inside of the cell becomes more negative compared to resting conditions and hyperpolarizes 3.The charge on the inside of the cell becomes less negative compared to resting conditions and depolarizes 4.The charge on the inside of the cell becomes more negative compared to resting conditions and depolarizesThe primary difference between plasma and intracellular fluid, is that Intracellular fluid has a higher Na concentration O Plasma has a higher Ca concentration O Intracellular fluid has a higher protein level OPlasma has significantly more nitratesThe apical surfaces of hair cells are exposed to an unusual extracellular fluid called endolymph. Endolymph is relatively similar in ionic composition to cytoplasm: Select one: O O a. it is high in Na+ (-150 mM), low in K+ b. It is high in K+ (250 mM), low in Na+ c. it is high in K+ (150 mM), low in Na+ d. It is high in Ca 2+ (-250 mM), low in Na+ (-2 mM), and relatively low in Ca 2+ (100 μM). (-4 mM), and relatively low in Ca 2+ (150 µm). (2 mM), and relatively low in Ca 2+ (100 µm). (2 mM), and relatively low in K+ (150 M).
- Transport of biomolecules to tissues takes place through capillary walls by both convection and diffusion. Consider an endothelium in which the gaps between the cells are characterized by the following dimensions: L=1 µm long, h=200 nm high, and W=10 nm in width (the last dimension is the distance between the two cells). The fluid is at 37degC and has the same properties as physiologic saline. Let the average pressure in the capillary be 45 mm Hg and let the pressure in the tissue be 0 mm Hg (ignore osmotic effects). Consider a small solute that has a diffusion coefficient of 1x10-5 cm2/s. Does this solute pass across the endothelium by diffusion or is it primarily carried by flow?Explain the physiological reasons for cells such as leucocytes’ need to undergo cell locomotion.Which of the following happens if the concentration of potassium in the extracellular fluid increases too much?A) Potassium would be taken up by the oligodendrocytes, so no net change in signaaaling would result. B) No signaling could occur. C) The Neuron would become hyperexcitable D) The sodium pumps would immediately fix the situation, so no net change in signaling would result.
- What would the membrane potential be if the cell membrane suddenly became 10X more permeable to just sodium?Active tissues generate carbon dioxide, which diffuses out of the tissue into the bloodstream, to be carried away. Is this diffusion into the blood a case of flow up a gradient, or down? Explain.For which cation are there the largest number of leakage channels in the plasma membrane?
- By what mechanism does the active transport of Na1 lead to the osmotic flow of water across an epithelium?Here is a chloride cell in the gill epithelium of a fish. For reference, NKA = Na+/K+ ATPaseNKCC = Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporter. (image 1) The same proteins have been identified in shark rectal gland, marine birds and reptiles (salt glands in nostrils), marine fishes (chloride cells in their gills) and mammals that transport salt in their kidneys. (image 2) When biologists were testing the mechanism of salt excretion in sharks, they used a chemical called ouabain to inhibit the Na+/K+ ATPase to see if there was an effect. Which result would you expect to see with ouabain treatment? A. A decrease in Cl- in the epithelial cells. B. An increase in ADP in the epithelial cells. C. An increase in K+ in the epithelial cells. D. A decrease in Na+ in the epithelial cells.The concentration of potassium ions inside a nerve cell membrane is higher than the concentration of sodium ions outside the mem-brane, yet the inside of the membrane (where the cation concentra-tion is higher) is negative to the outside. Explain this observation in terms of permeability properties of the membrane.