High levels of cockpit noise in an aircraft can damage the hearing of pilots who are exposed to this hazard for many hours. Cockpit noise in a jet aircraft is mostly due to airflow at hundreds of miles per hour. This 3 x 3 contingency table shows 61 observations of da collected by an airline pilot using a handheld sound meter in a certain aircraft cockpit. Noise level is defined as "low" (under 88 decibels). "medium" (88 to 91 decibels), or "high" (92 decibels or more). There are three flight phases (climb, cruise, descent). Cockpit Noise Flight Phase Cruise (C) 2. Noise Level CL'imb (B) Descent (D) Row Total LOw (L) Medium (M) High (H) 8. 4. 14 17 8. 9. 31 11 16 Column Total 27 13 21 61 Click here for the Excel Data File (a) Calculate the following probabilities: (Round your answers to 4 decimal places.) P(B) HPL) P(HI C) iv. P(H|D) vP(L and B) vi P(L and C) (b) Do you see evidence that noise level depends on flight phase? O Yes O No
High levels of cockpit noise in an aircraft can damage the hearing of pilots who are exposed to this hazard for many hours. Cockpit noise in a jet aircraft is mostly due to airflow at hundreds of miles per hour. This 3 x 3 contingency table shows 61 observations of da collected by an airline pilot using a handheld sound meter in a certain aircraft cockpit. Noise level is defined as "low" (under 88 decibels). "medium" (88 to 91 decibels), or "high" (92 decibels or more). There are three flight phases (climb, cruise, descent). Cockpit Noise Flight Phase Cruise (C) 2. Noise Level CL'imb (B) Descent (D) Row Total LOw (L) Medium (M) High (H) 8. 4. 14 17 8. 9. 31 11 16 Column Total 27 13 21 61 Click here for the Excel Data File (a) Calculate the following probabilities: (Round your answers to 4 decimal places.) P(B) HPL) P(HI C) iv. P(H|D) vP(L and B) vi P(L and C) (b) Do you see evidence that noise level depends on flight phase? O Yes O No
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**Probability Calculations:**
(a) Calculate the following probabilities with answers rounded to four decimal places:
i. P(B)
ii. P(L)
iii. P(H)
iv. P(L and B)
v. P(B or H)
vi. P(L and C)
(b) Consider whether the data provides evidence suggesting that noise level depends on the flight phase:
- Yes
- No
These exercises aim to enhance understanding of the relationship between noise levels and flight phases, a crucial aspect in improving pilot safety and minimizing noise-induced hearing damage.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fadb882f8-f4be-49b7-a475-a003823b1c8d%2F593d8a7d-2c12-4763-8435-e77c2eec0a93%2Fflageka_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Cockpit Noise Levels in Relation to Flight Phases**
High levels of cockpit noise in an aircraft can damage the hearing of pilots exposed to this hazard for extended periods. The noise inside a jet aircraft predominantly results from airflow at high speeds. The following study involves a 3 x 3 contingency table detailing 61 noise level observations during different flight phases in a cockpit. Noise is classified as "low" (under 88 decibels), "medium" (88 to 91 decibels), or "high" (92 decibels or more). The phases covered are climb, cruise, and descent.
**Table: Cockpit Noise vs. Flight Phase**
| Noise Level | Climb (B) | Cruise (C) | Descent (D) | Row Total |
|--------------|-----------|------------|-------------|-----------|
| Low (L) | 8 | 2 | 4 | 14 |
| Medium (M) | 17 | 8 | 6 | 31 |
| High (H) | 2 | 3 | 11 | 16 |
| Column Total | 27 | 13 | 21 | 61 |
**Source for Data Analysis:**
- [Click here for the Excel Data File](#)
**Probability Calculations:**
(a) Calculate the following probabilities with answers rounded to four decimal places:
i. P(B)
ii. P(L)
iii. P(H)
iv. P(L and B)
v. P(B or H)
vi. P(L and C)
(b) Consider whether the data provides evidence suggesting that noise level depends on the flight phase:
- Yes
- No
These exercises aim to enhance understanding of the relationship between noise levels and flight phases, a crucial aspect in improving pilot safety and minimizing noise-induced hearing damage.
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