here’s some context, the question that needs answered is “How did the Spaniards depict the Aztec Empire under Montezuma”
here’s some context, the question that needs answered is “How did the Spaniards depict the Aztec Empire under Montezuma”
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here’s some context, the question that needs answered is “How did the Spaniards depict the Aztec Empire under Montezuma”
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Lesson 6.1- Aztec Empire under Montezuma
Context: Historians have long struggled to understand the details of pre- and post-contact Aztec history. The Aztec people had a system of
writing that mostly employed pictographs (in which pictures convey words) and ideographs (in which pictures convey concepts). The Aztecs wrote
extensively, recording their history as well as events during any given year. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these written works were
destroyed, either by the Aztecs themselves or by the Spaniards who arrived after 1519. Only a few hundred original pre- and post-contact codices,
as the written worlds are called, survive. A few of these in particular, the Azcatitian Codex, the Aubin Codex, and the Anales of Tlatelcala-recount
the Spanish conquest from the perspective of the Aztecs. The texts from the pre-contact Aztec perspective are particularly crucial, as they are not
influenced by the presence of Spaniards or the restrictions and pressure from Spanish conquistadors and the Catholic Church to tell the Aztec story
in a particular way.
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Among the most important of the codices is the Florentine Codex which was compiled and written beginning in the 1540s, two decades after the
conquest. A Spanish Franciscan missionary named Bernardino de Sahgun traveled to New Spain to convert the Aztecs from what the Spanish
considered idolatry. Like other Spanish chroniclers, such as Bernal Diaz del Castillo and Diego Duran, Sahagun was not an admirer of the Aztecs,
referring to them as barbarians of very little worth. At the same time, he believed that, in order to effectively convert them; he needed to study
them completely. He also believed that by writing the codex in Nahuatl, the native Aztec language, the other friars could more easily convert the
people. With the assistance of native Aztec students who interviewed Aztech people, Sahagun, over the course of more than 40 years, managed to
assemble 12 books of detailed history of Aztec culture and society. The Florentine Codex is one of the most thorough examinations of the Aztec
people, and despite its inherent bias, it was written using information-gathering techniques familiar to modern ethnographers and
anthropologists.
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In the 16th century the Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés and his soldiers arrived in the Aztec Empire and began a campaign of conquest. Despite being vastly outnumbered, the Spanish used advanced weaponry, strategic alliances with rival indigenous groups, and a willingness to engage in brutal violence and diplomacy to defeat the Aztecs. The invasion had a profound impact on the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and led to the colonization of much of Central and South America by the Spanish.
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