By using R studio solve problems 1,2 and 3 hepaper "Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity" [Journal of Medicine (1997)28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treat-ment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied afterat least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and afterthe patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in sens.csv.1. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received anti-hypertensive treatment?2. Estimate the size of the change in the mean SENS value.3. Do the conditions required for using your chosen test procedures appear to be valid for these data?Justify your answer. sensBefore After22.86 6.117.74 -4.0215.49 8.049.97 3.291.44 -0.779.39 6.9911.4 10.191.86 2.09-6.71 11.46.42 10.7

Interpretations:For Problem 1Null Hypothesis (H₀): μd ≤ 0 (mean difference ≤ 0)Alternative…

Answered: he paper "Effect of long-term blood…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. Based on your hypothesis tests and confidence intervals, what do you conclude about the effects of second hand smoke? Why?
“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. 1. Construct a confidence interval estimate of the difference betwen the mean continen levels fo the two groups of nonsmokers. What confidence level would be appropriate? 2. Find the margin of error E using the formula. 3. What is the confidence interval? Explain the meaning of the confidence interal and what the limit represents.
Before/After Treatment Results Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,” by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that Captopril is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure?
A study assessed the lung destructive index among smokers and non- smokers provided the following data Smokers : overline x 1 =14.5 n 1 =12 S P =2.50 Non- Smokers: overline x 2 =9.5 n 2 =10 a = .05 From the available data, can we conclude that smokers have greater lung damage than non-smokers?
Both t-tests and ANOVA tests are used to examine whether certain factors have an impact on a behavior of interest (the DV). Under what circumstances should researchers select to use ANOVA instead of a t-test? In other words, what are the types of designs in which ANOVA should be used instead of a t-test?|
Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequentcardiovascular disease. A study is conducted to assess the relationship between the size of LVM in children (as determined from an echocardiogram) and the size of LVM four years later in the same individuals. Does LVM change over time in children? Completely conduct the appropriate hypothesis and list any additional necessary assumptions (you can assume that additional assumptions are met by the data) test with alpha =0.01. i Baseline LVM LVM 4 years later 1 134 126 2 86 142 3 78 111 4 73 82
Serum estradiol is an important risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. To better understand the etiology of breast cancer, serum-estradiol samples were collected from 25 premenopausal women (at about the same time period of the menstrual cycle) of whom 10 were Caucasian and 15 were African American. Data were collected on both serum estradiol as well as body mass index (BMI) = weight (kg)/height2 (m2), which is an important measure of overall obesity. The data are shown in Table 9.16. The distribution of serum estradiol is usually highly skewed (especially for premenopausal women), and we are reluctant to assume normality. HW Question: What test can we use to compare the distribution of serum estradiol for Caucasian vs. African American women? Implement the test and report a two-tailed p-value based on large sample methods Here's my approach and I'm not sure if this is correct. I am using the Wilcoxon rank sum test for this problem. Group 1 (African-American): n=15…
You are reviewing data on a clinical trial of 50-70-year-olds, on the effects of a vitamin supplement on arthritis. In the general population for this age range, 35% of the people have some arthritis symptoms. In the clinical trial of 500 people, they find that 170 have some arthritis symptoms. What do you conclude about the efficacy of the vitamin supplement? (Show relevant work)
Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from "Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme," by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure?
Children of Diabetic Mothers. Samples of adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) and nondiabetic mothers (ONM) were taken by N. Cho et al. and evaluated for potential differences in vital measurements, including blood pressure and glucose tolerance. The study was published in the paper “Correlations Between the Intrauterine Metabolic Environment and Blood Pressure in Adolescent Offspring of Diabetic Mothers” (Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 136, Issue 5, pp. 587–592). A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether the mean systolic blood pressure of ODM adolescents exceeds that of ONM adolescents. a. identify the variable. b. identify the two populations. c. determine the null and alternative hypotheses. d. classify the hypothesis test as two tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.
can you explain how these scores were found, based on the statistics provided they dont seem to match up.' There is a significant interaction effect between employment status and substance use on stress levels. Two-Way ANOVA result: F(3,470) = 5.67, p = 0.001' I
How the critical value for a test is related to the specified alpha level?

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