By using R studio solve problems 1,2 and 3 hepaper "Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity" [Journal of Medicine (1997)28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treat-ment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied afterat least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and afterthe patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in sens.csv.1. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received anti-hypertensive treatment?2. Estimate the size of the change in the mean SENS value.3. Do the conditions required for using your chosen test procedures appear to be valid for these data?Justify your answer. sensBefore After22.86 6.117.74 -4.0215.49 8.049.97 3.291.44 -0.779.39 6.9911.4 10.191.86 2.09-6.71 11.46.42 10.7

Interpretations:For Problem 1Null Hypothesis (H₀): μd ≤ 0 (mean difference ≤ 0)Alternative…

Answered: he paper "Effect of long-term blood…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A study was made of 413 children who were hospitalized as a result of motor vehicle crashes. Among 290 children who were not using seat belts, 60 were injured severely. Among 123 children using seat belts, 16 were injured severely (based on data from "Morbidity Among Pediatric Motor Vehicle Crash Victims: The Effectiveness of Seat Belts," by Osberg and Di Scala, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 82, No. 3). For this problem we want to know, is there sufficient sample evidence to conclude, at the 0.05 significance level, that the proportion of severe injuries is higher for children not wearing seat belts? Let pi be the proportion of severe injuries among all children not wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Let p2 be the proportion of severe injuries among all children wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Which is the proper expression of Ho? Pi = P2 O Pi P2 Which is the proper expression of H1? O pi P2 Calculate p1 to 4 decimal places: Calculate p,…
The paper “Effect of Long-Term Blood Pressure Control on Salt Sensitivity” [Journal of Medicine (1997) 28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg)were studied after at least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which wereobtained before and after the patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given here. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received antihypertensive treatment?
Lead in Medicine Listed below are the lead concentrations (in μ g/g) measured in different Ayurveda medicines. Ayurveda is a traditional medical system commonly used in India. The lead concentrations listed here are from medicines manufactured in the United States (based on data from “Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic in US and Indian Manufactured Ayurvedic Medicines Sold via the Internet,” by Saper et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 300, No. 8). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean lead concentration for all such medicines is less than 14 μ g/g.
Both t-tests and ANOVA tests are used to examine whether certain factors have an impact on a behavior of interest (the DV). Under what circumstances should researchers select to use ANOVA instead of a t-test? In other words, what are the types of designs in which ANOVA should be used instead of a t-test?|
The paper “Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity” [Journal of Medicine (1997) 28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied after at least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and after the patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in data 3. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received antihypertensive treatment? data 3 'Before' 'After'22.86 6.117.74 -4.0215.49 8.049.97 3.291.44 -0.779.39 6.9911.4 10.191.86 2.09-6.71 11.46.42 10.7
The paper “Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity” [Journal of Medicine (1997) 28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied after at least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and after the patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in the table. 'Before' 'After' 22.86 6.11 7.74 -4.02 15.49 8.04 9.97 3.29 1.44 -0.77 9.39 6.99 11.4 10.19 1.86 2.09 -6.71 11.4 6.42 10.7 a) Write the null and alternate hypotheses What test will be used to test the hypothesis and what assumptions are required? test them. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received antihypertensive treatment?
Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk factor for subsequentcardiovascular disease. A study is conducted to assess the relationship between the size of LVM in children (as determined from an echocardiogram) and the size of LVM four years later in the same individuals. Does LVM change over time in children? Completely conduct the appropriate hypothesis and list any additional necessary assumptions (you can assume that additional assumptions are met by the data) test with alpha =0.01. i Baseline LVM LVM 4 years later 1 134 126 2 86 142 3 78 111 4 73 82
Arsenic is a compound that occurs naturally in very low concentrations. Arsenic blood concentrations in healthy individuals are Normally distributed with a mean of 3.2 mg/dl. Some areas of the United States have naturally elevated arsenic levels in the ground and water supplies. Researchers took a sample 20 water samples from a particular area and measured the arsenic levels in each of the 20 water samples. They want to determine if there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the arsenic level in that area is higher than 3.2 mg/dl. hypothesis test for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation) confidence interval estimate for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation) hypothesis test for population mean from paired differences confidence interval estimate for population mean from paired differences hypothesis test for difference in population means from two independent samples confidence interval estimate for difference in population means from two…
The effectiveness of surgery for weight loss reported here found that "The surgery was associated with significantly greater weight loss [than the control group who dieted] through 2 years (61.3 versus 11.2 pounds, P<0.001)." What test could have been used and how would it have been computed?
Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme”, by MacGregor et al., BMJ, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure? i) Use the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test to conduct the required test without using "wilcox.test" function in R. Please state the hypothesis, provide the p-value, and the conclusion in the context of the problem. ii) Use the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test to conduct the required test using "wilcox.test" function in R. Please present a screenshot of the R output of your call to the function wilcox.test. iii) Would you recommend the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test over the…
Children of Diabetic Mothers. Samples of adolescent offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM) and nondiabetic mothers (ONM) were taken by N. Cho et al. and evaluated for potential differences in vital measurements, including blood pressure and glucose tolerance. The study was published in the paper “Correlations Between the Intrauterine Metabolic Environment and Blood Pressure in Adolescent Offspring of Diabetic Mothers” (Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 136, Issue 5, pp. 587–592). A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether the mean systolic blood pressure of ODM adolescents exceeds that of ONM adolescents. a. identify the variable. b. identify the two populations. c. determine the null and alternative hypotheses. d. classify the hypothesis test as two tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.
A new cream that advertises that it can reduce wrinkles and improve skin was subject to a recent study. A sample of 68 women over the age of 50 used the new cream for 6 months. Of those 68 women, 39 of them reported skin improvement(as judged by a dermatologist). Is this evidence that the cream will improve the skin of more than 40% of women over the age of 50? Test using a= 0.05 (a) Test statistic: z= (b) The final conclusion is...A. There is not sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis that p=0.4 . That is, there is not sufficient evidence to reject that the cream can improve the skin of more than 40% of women over 50.B. We can reject the null hypothesis that p=0.4 and accept that p>0.4. That is, the cream can improve the skin of more than 40% of women over 50.

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