he change in brain chemistry that results as a compensatory mechanism in response to the intake of addictive drugs produces ______; when a person stops taking the drug, these compensatory mechanisms produce ______. A. physical addiction; psychological addiction B. withdrawal symptoms; tolerance C. tolerance; withdrawal symptoms D. addiction; withdrawal symptoms
he change in brain chemistry that results as a compensatory mechanism in response to the intake of addictive drugs produces ______; when a person stops taking the drug, these compensatory mechanisms produce ______.
| A. |
physical addiction; psychological addiction |
|
| B. |
withdrawal symptoms; tolerance |
|
| C. |
tolerance; withdrawal symptoms |
|
| D. |
addiction; withdrawal symptoms |
Addiction:
Addiction or substance use disorder is a condition, a brain disease which is manifested by use of a substance even though it is known to have harmful consequences. People with substance use disorder are intensely focused on using a certain substance to the point that takes over their lives and even when they know it causes problems. People who suffer from addiction have distorted thinking, behaviour, and body functions. It is the changes in the brain wiring that causes the individuals to have intense cravings for the substance and finding hard to stop using it. Brain imaging studies have shown that addiction has effect on the brain that relate to judgement, decision making, memory, and behaviour control.
Addiction is caused due to physical or psychological dependency whereas withdrawal symptoms and tolerance are results of compensatory mechanisms.
Withdrawal Symptoms:
Withdrawal is a combination of physical and psychological effects that an individual experiences after they stop using the substance they were addicted to. The withdrawal symptoms are caused due to compensatory mechanisms of the brain and include change in appetite, mood changes, congestion, fatigue, irritability, muscle pain, nausea, restlessness, shakiness, sweating, tremors, etc.
Tolerance:
Tolerance happens when an individual no longer responds to a drug in a way they did it when used it first. So, in order to experience the same effects, the individual starts taking the drug in larger quantities. Therefore, the people with substance use disorders use the drug more and more in order to experience the effect that they seek from the drug.
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