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Glucose is normally 100% reabsorbed, such that no glucose is excreted in the urine. Explain why a person with diabetes and a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL will have glucose excreted in his urine.

Glucose is normally 100% reabsorbed, such that no glucose is excreted in the urine. Explain why a person with diabetes and a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL will have glucose excreted in his urine.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Understanding Glucose Reabsorption and Diabetes** **Text Explanation:** Glucose is normally 100% reabsorbed, such that no glucose is excreted in the urine. Explain why a person with diabetes and a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL will have glucose excreted in his urine. **Detailed Explanation:** In healthy individuals, the kidneys effectively reabsorb all glucose filtered from the blood, resulting in no glucose appearing in the urine. This process occurs up to a certain threshold, often around 180 mg/dL of blood glucose. However, in individuals with diabetes, blood glucose levels can exceed this threshold. At levels like 450 mg/dL, which are significantly higher than the renal threshold, the kidneys become overwhelmed and cannot reabsorb all the glucose. Consequently, the excess glucose is excreted in the urine, a condition known as glucosuria. This is commonly seen in poorly controlled diabetes and serves as a clear biomarker of the disease's impact on renal function.
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Glucose Reabsorption and Diabetes** **Text Explanation:** Glucose is normally 100% reabsorbed, such that no glucose is excreted in the urine. Explain why a person with diabetes and a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL will have glucose excreted in his urine. **Detailed Explanation:** In healthy individuals, the kidneys effectively reabsorb all glucose filtered from the blood, resulting in no glucose appearing in the urine. This process occurs up to a certain threshold, often around 180 mg/dL of blood glucose. However, in individuals with diabetes, blood glucose levels can exceed this threshold. At levels like 450 mg/dL, which are significantly higher than the renal threshold, the kidneys become overwhelmed and cannot reabsorb all the glucose. Consequently, the excess glucose is excreted in the urine, a condition known as glucosuria. This is commonly seen in poorly controlled diabetes and serves as a clear biomarker of the disease's impact on renal function.
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