Give examples of problems that may arise when a designer fails to give adequate attention to the impact of a design selection on the cost or schedule during the construction phase.

Q: 1. At 10:00 am the inflow to a reservoir was 20 m³/s and outflow was 12 m³/s. At 10:30 a.m. the…

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Q: 5 A flanged bolt coupling has ten 12-mm di ameter steel bolts on 500 mm diameter b olt circle and…

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Q: Determine the equilibrium speed and cant to be provided on a BG curve of 3 degree if the speeds of…

A: Given,BG curveDegree of curve=3speeds of several trains running on the line are as follows: 15…

Q: Q2) Fill the blank with suitable word or words: 1) The main types of cast iron are.................,…

A: A family of iron-carbon alloys with such a carbon concentration more than 2% is called cast iron.…

Q: INUTO: Top C] Draw the shear force V and bending moment M diagrams for the frame showr 135 KN - 4 m…

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Q: The soil has dry unit weight of 17.5 kN/m², specific gravity of 2.55 and degree of saturation of…

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Q: The velocity of a particle is given by V=25t^2-80t-200, where V is in feet per second and t is in…

A: Give: V = 25t2 - 80t - 200

Q: A rectangular beam with b = 200 mm and effective depth d = 300 mm is subjected to limit state shear…

A: Given- width b=200 mm effective depth d=300 mm limit state shear=80 kN torsional moment = 6 kN-m

Q: FLUID FLOW IN PIPES I. Proving. SHOW THAT 7.05 = √5 + √5 8

A: Given and to prove,

Q: The following observations were made to determine the sensitivity of two bubble tubes. Determine…

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Q: www Q- Traffic volume count has been collected on a 2-lane road section which needs upgradation due…

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Q: 2-2. Determine the magnitude of the resultant force FR = F1 - F2 and its orientation 0, measured…

A: Given Data Find the resultant of forces and orientation of resultant from positve x-axis measured…

Q: A soil element is loaded from state A to B. The stress values for the two states are A(p'=50 kPa,…

A: Given: Stress values at state A and B Volumetric strain increment=?

Q: 12 13 14 15- Design slow sand filters for a population of 40000 with an average rate of water supply…

A: Given  Population (P)= 40000     Discharge= 150 lit/c/d Design slow sand filter

Q: A rectangular concrete beam 120 x 300 mm is prestressed by straight cable, effective force 180 kN at…

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Q: Determine the largest force P (kN), directed as shown in the figure that can be applied to the…

A: Given:- The cross-sectional area (A) = 8000 mm2  The moment of inertia (I) = 50×106 mm4  The…

Q: Hinge Check the determinacy of the structures in Fig Hinge

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Q: A post tension beam section drawn below consists of three cables of 100 mm2 area. Initial…

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Q: Calculate the forces in members BC, BE, and EF. Solve for each force from an equilibrium equation…

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Q: Determine the moments of inertia about the y-axis of the circular area without and with the central…

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Q: B) Answer by True or False for the following statements: 1-Paint shops have extra hazard. 2-The…

A: Given statements- It is needed to decide whether the statements are true or false.

Q: A solid steel circular shaft is required to transmit a torque of 1600 N - m without exceeding an…

A: Given that :- Torque = T = 1600 N-m Allowable shear stress = τmaxallowable = 55 N/mm2…

Q: A cube has sides that are initially 80mm and is subjected to stresses of 40 MPa ( tensile ) , 30MPa…

A: Given: Cube length = 80mm,  Stresses in x,y,z- direction are  40 MPa ( tensile ) , 30MPa…

Q: A rectangular concrete beam 120 x 300 mm is prestressed by straight cable, effective force 180 kN at…

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Q: A beam with a W360x45 section (Beam weight 45 kg) is used as a  cantilever beam 7.5 m long. Find the…

A: Answer  We know from Bending equation MI*Fy*ER Where M = Moment of resistance I = Moment of Inertia…

Q: The towers at the opposite side of the river supports the load W = 50 kN as shown in the figure. The…

A: Given: W = 50 KN,  L = 20m, d = 1.5m Required: a. At what distance from A should the load be…

Q: The lap joint is connected by 3-20mm diameter rivets. Assuming that the axial load P = 50 kN is…

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Q: 6. 20.96-cm spring is displaced by 15.57 am when 27.32 N is applied. What would be the resulting…

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Q: A plate load test is carried out on a 45 cm square plate at a depth of 3 m below ground surface on a…

A: Given data:- Load Intensity (t/m2) Settlement(mm) 10 3 20 5 30 7 40 9 50 15 60 22…

Q: Question- A 5m high vertical earth retaining wall retains a dry granular backfill with angle of…

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Q: Assume a constant value of EI = 560×10° N-mm² for the beam. A 210 N-m 200 mm Determine the…

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Q: Q1 A square footing of size 1.2m is laid on a surface of clayey soil (c= 40kN/m²). The ultimate…

A: Given information,  Size of footing = 1.2 m C = 40 kN/m² γ = 18 kN/m³

Q: Question- A 5m high vertical earth retaining wall retains a dry granular backfill with angle of…

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Q: Ex. A driver of a car applied the brakes and barely avoided hitting an obstacle on the roadway. The…

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Q: Determine the location y of the centroid of the beam cross-section.

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Q: a. Compute the vertical deflection at midspan due to flexural deformations only. b. Compute the…

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Q: The cross-sectional area of a wide-flange I-beam has the dimensions shown. Obtain a close…

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Q: 7. Find the approximate flow rate at which water will flow in a conduit shaped in the form of an…

A: Given information,    f= 0.0155 Cross-sectional area = 0.075m² Head loss = 4m per km length

Q: would this design solution block the flow of warm water into the bay stop enough energy transfer to…

A: Answer : Data provided : would this design solution block the flow of warm water into the bay and…

Q: A pair of overlap aerial photographs was taken with a camera from an altitude of 3000 m above datum.…

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Q: What force is required to punch 20-33 diameter hole in a plate that is 25mm thick? The shear…

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Q: A rigid bar is supported by two copper r ods and the gap (A) between the alumin um rod and the bar…

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Q: Car A rounds a curve of 175-m radius at a constant speed of 36 km/h. At the instant represented, car…

A: It has been asked in the question to evaluate the velocity and acceleration of car A as observed…

Q: Determine the resultant of the force system shown & y intercepts. Y 300)

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Q: Consider a Design-and-Build project of a single-entrance toll plaza awarded to XYZConstruction Corp.…

A: The following is the given information. The present travel demand along the existing highway is…

Q: column of size 450 mm x 600 mm has unsupported length of 3m and is braced against side sway in both…

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Q: Assume a constant value of EI = 560×10° N-mm² for the beam. 210 N-m 200 mm Determine the deflection…

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Q: Determine the superimposed uniform load at the beam if the tensile stress at the bottom fiber is…

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Q: in a BOD test, 1.0 ml of raw sewage was diluted to 100 ml and the dissolved oxygen concentration of…

A: Given data- A BOD test- Volume of raw sewage Vs=1 mL, Volume of diluted sample Vds=100 mL, Initial…

Q: Check the determinacy of the structures 16) Hinge Hinge Hinge 3.

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Budget Estimating

The term budget signifies a plan over the long run, generally, a year that covers the financial expenses and revenues of any organization. This budget plan is known to estimate the growth and success of any organization. Civil engineering companies utilize project budgets for estimating project costs, construction costs, and other direct and indirect costs related to the project being undertaken. Project budget is a detailed statistical tool primarily used by project managers to estimate the overall project cost. The project budget is in the form of a document that includes all the costs which are incurred during the project undertaking and after the completion of the project. Large commercial projects have the project budget estimate in the form of large detailed pieces of documents which include every cost estimate regarding man and materials. Labor costs, material procurement costs, construction costs, and operational costs are some of the costs that are incurred during the project execution and planning phase.