give an example and explanation of how niche differences related to diet are manifest in differences in the physical characteristics of two or more otherwise similar species of animals that are part of the same ecological community
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- Give an example and explanation of how niche differences related to diet are manifest in differences in the physical characteristics of two or more otherwise species that are part of the same ecological communityA niche is loosely defined as an organism's role in its environment, which can include factors such as feeding preference, nesting behaviors, mating behaviors, method of obtaining prey, and local habitats. Keeping Gause's law in mind, do some research on the California red-legged frog and the North Pacific tree frog (use wiki or another Google search). Create a chart comparing the two with respect to their niche or lifestyle that can explain how these two frogs can co-exist in the same ecosystem.Consider a trophiccascade with 4 levels: 1) predatory fish that consume planktivorous fish, 2) planktivorous fish that consume zooplankton,3) herbivorous zoplankton that consume phytoplankton, and 4) phytoplankton. True or False: A reduction in predatory fish will increase the level of phytoplankton. True False
- Explain the effects on the ecosystem if Wood rat were removed. Provide both positive (if any) and negative impacts on the ecosystem. Be sure and include as many of the following terms in your writing as possible: autotroph, heterotroph, producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, carnivore, omnivore, herbivore, energy, population, increase, and decrease.Food webs are helpful diagrams to understand the relationships of organisms within a biological community. Answer the following questions using the food web below. Baleen whale Smaller toothed Sperm whale whales Penguins Elephant seal Leopard seal Other birds Fish Other seals Squid Krill Other herbivorous zooplankton Carnivorous zooplankton Phytoplankton Which of the following can be a secondary consumer? squid other seals krill herbivorous zooplankton fish other birds elephant sealA conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Why does the organism’s interaction appear in an oscillating pattern? What does it suggest?
- Which of the following terms identifies the amount of energy available at each trophic feeding levelA conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Based on this scenario, what is the most significant role of sea otters in the marine community? Why it’s important?Which of the following statements about nutrient challenges faced by organisms is FALSE? Carnivores are limited by the ratio of carbon to nitrogen found in prey. Detritivores consume food rich in carbon but poor in nitrogen. Plants can exhibit the same type of functional response curve describing the rate of energy intake as carnivores. The diet of a carnivore can vary geographically depending on the availability of prey.
- Many organisms live in environments with extreme conditions (ex. desert), and as a result, they possess anatomical and behavioral adaptations that allow them to survive and maintain homeostasis. Consider fennec foxes living in the desert. Identify three major abiotic conditions, describe how these conditions would impact the organisms' ability to maintain homeostasis (1-2 sentences each), and discuss potential adaptations (morphological and/or behavioral) that would assist in maintaining homeostasis (2-3 sentences each). NOTE.The following is NOT true about trophic levels Animals capable of feeding at many trophic levels will be able to survive if portions of their food supply are decreased or eliminated Secondary consumers belong to the third trophic level Primary consumers belong to the first trophic level Each stage through which energy travels is called a trophic levelOptimal foraging theory can make predictions about an animal’s food choice. Which of the following is the most accurate statement about optimal diet breadth as resource quality, handling time and distribution changes? As handling time increases, animals should specialize As the distance between resources increases, animals should generalize As the energy content of the resources increases, animals should generalize As the distance between patches increases, animals should stay longer in a patch The following diagrams show four distribution patterns of resources. Each circle represents one unit of a resource, say, a food item. For which of these distributions would the Marginal Value Theorem be useful for making predictions about optimal foraging behavior. (Shown in image)