G6P G6P G6P OXIDATIVE NADPH (NADPH co, 2 (NADPH PHASE 6PG 6PG RUSP NADPH NADPH F6P GAP co, RUSP RUSP FBP Glycolysis NONOXIDATIVE PHASE DHAP GAP R5P 2 (ATP G6P Nucleotides Pyruvate GAP F6P co, (a) Nucleotide synthesis. When the primary need is for nucleotide biosynthesis, the primary product is ribose-5-phosphate. Acetyl-CaA DHAP FBP Citric acid cycle (b) NADPH synthesis. When the primary need is for reducing power (NADPH), fructose FADH co, phosphates are reconverted to glucose-6-phosphate for reaxidation in the oxidative phase. (NADH ABBREVIATIONS G6P = glucose-6-phosphate 6PG = 6-phosphogluconate RSP = ribose-5-phosphate RUSP - ribulose-5-phosphate GAP = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate F6P = fructose-6-phosphate DHAP = dihydroxyacetone phosphate FBP = fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (b) Energy generation. When only moderate quantities of pentose phosphates and NADPH are needed, the pathway can also be used to supply energy, with the reaction products being oxidized through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
G6P G6P G6P OXIDATIVE NADPH (NADPH co, 2 (NADPH PHASE 6PG 6PG RUSP NADPH NADPH F6P GAP co, RUSP RUSP FBP Glycolysis NONOXIDATIVE PHASE DHAP GAP R5P 2 (ATP G6P Nucleotides Pyruvate GAP F6P co, (a) Nucleotide synthesis. When the primary need is for nucleotide biosynthesis, the primary product is ribose-5-phosphate. Acetyl-CaA DHAP FBP Citric acid cycle (b) NADPH synthesis. When the primary need is for reducing power (NADPH), fructose FADH co, phosphates are reconverted to glucose-6-phosphate for reaxidation in the oxidative phase. (NADH ABBREVIATIONS G6P = glucose-6-phosphate 6PG = 6-phosphogluconate RSP = ribose-5-phosphate RUSP - ribulose-5-phosphate GAP = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate F6P = fructose-6-phosphate DHAP = dihydroxyacetone phosphate FBP = fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (b) Energy generation. When only moderate quantities of pentose phosphates and NADPH are needed, the pathway can also be used to supply energy, with the reaction products being oxidized through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.
Glucogenesis
Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,
Question
Write a balanced chemical equation for the pentose phosphate pathway in the first two modes depicted in Figure , where
(a) ribose-5-phosphate synthesis is maximized and
(b) NADPH production is maximized, by conversion of the sugar phosphate products to glucose-6-phosphate for repeated operations of the pathway
Transcribed Image Text:G6P
G6P
G6P
OXIDATIVE
NADPH
(NADPH
co,
2 (NADPH
PHASE
6PG
6PG
RUSP
NADPH
NADPH
F6P
GAP
co,
RUSP
RUSP
FBP
Glycolysis
NONOXIDATIVE
PHASE
DHAP
GAP
R5P
2 (ATP
G6P
Nucleotides
Pyruvate
GAP
F6P
co,
(a) Nucleotide synthesis.
When the primary need is for
nucleotide biosynthesis, the primary
product is ribose-5-phosphate.
Acetyl-CaA
DHAP
FBP
Citric
acid
cycle
(b) NADPH synthesis.
When the primary need is for
reducing power (NADPH), fructose
FADH
co,
phosphates are reconverted to
glucose-6-phosphate for
reaxidation in the oxidative phase.
(NADH
ABBREVIATIONS
G6P = glucose-6-phosphate
6PG = 6-phosphogluconate
RSP = ribose-5-phosphate
RUSP - ribulose-5-phosphate
GAP = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
F6P = fructose-6-phosphate
DHAP = dihydroxyacetone phosphate
FBP = fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
(b) Energy generation.
When only moderate quantities of pentose
phosphates and NADPH are needed, the
pathway can also be used to supply energy,
with the reaction products being oxidized
through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
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