For the constant pressure expansion in Example 3.1, assuming that the gas behaves ideally, calculate the initial and final temperatures for the expansion.
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- Answer in 90 minutes please.Explain the thermal expansion of materials using the potential energy curve in function interatomic spacing function. Compare the behavior of metals and ceramics with that of polymers based on structure-property correlations.The equipartition theorem states that each term in the particle's energy depending on a squared position (potential energies) or velocity (kinetic energies) contributes on average kT to the particle's total mechanical energy. Each of these terms corresponds to a degree of freedom of the gas. That is, 6. By what factor do you have to increase the temperature to triple the rms speed of an ideal gas?
- Figure 3.3 attached shows graphs of entropy vs. energy for two objects, A and B. Both graphs are on the same scale. The energies of these two objects initially have the values indicated; the objects are then brought into thermal contact with each other. Explain what happens subsequently and why, without using the word "temperature."An ideal monatomic gas is contained in a cylinder with a movable piston so that the gas can do work on the outside world, and heat can be added or removed as necessary. (Figure 1) shows various paths that the gas might take in expanding from an initial state whose pressure, volume, and temperature are po, Vo, and To respectively. The gas expands to a state with final volume 4V. For some answers it will be convenient to generalize your results by using the variable R₂ = Vfinal/Vinitial, which is the ratio of final to initial volumes (equal to 4 for the expansions shown in the figure.) The figure shows several possible paths of the system in the pV plane. Although there are an infinite number of paths possible, several of those shown are special because one of their state variables remains constant during the expansion. These have the following names: Adiabatic: No heat is added or removed during the expansion. • Isobaric: The pressure remains constant during the expansion. ● •…For an iso-enthalpic process, dH = 0. %3D
- A system consisting of 0.0538 moles of a diatomic ideal gas is taken from state A to state C along the path in the figure below. A pressure-volume graph is plotted on a coordinate plane, where the horizontal axis is V (L), and the vertical axis is P (atm). The path consists of two line segments: a segment from point A (2,0.300) to point B (2,0.800) a segment from point B (2,0.800) to point C (8,0.500) Arrows along the path are aligned such that their tails are closer to point A than are their tips. (a) How much work is done on the gas during this process? J(b) What is the lowest temperature of the gas during this process? KWhere does it occur? Point APoint B Point C (c) Find the change in internal energy of the gas in going from A to C. Hint: Adapt the equation (for the change in internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas) ΔU = 3 2 nRΔT = 3 2 Δ(PV) = 3 2 (PCVC − PAVA) to a diatomic ideal gas. J(d) Find the energy delivered to the gas in going from A to…Learning Goal: To derive the expression for the work done by an expanding gas, W pAV, and to understand how it follows from the expression WFAz for mechanical work In thermodynamics, positive work is defined to be the work done by a system on the exterior world. In classical mechanics, the converse is true: One always considers the work done on a system by the outside world to be positive. For example, suppose you push a large block with a certain force of Figure 101 Gas Part C What is AV, the increase in volume of the gas? Express the increase in volume in terms of Ar and other given quantities. >View Available Hint(s) - ΑΣΦ AV - PAAx Submit Previous Answers Request Answer * Incorrect; Try Again Part D Complete previous part(s) Part E Complete previous part(s) Part F Complete previous part(s) F 02-23-2Write to text format answer
- An ideal gas confined to a box exerts pressure on the walls of the box. Where does this pressure come from? (in other words, what is going on microscopically?)Use the worked example above to help you solve this problem. A cylinder contains 2.15 mol of helium gas at 18.5°C. Assume that the helium behaves like an ideal gas. (a) Find the total internal energy of the system. J(b) What is the average kinetic energy per molecule? J(c) How much energy would have to be added to the system to double the rms speed? The molar mass of helium is 4.00 10-3 kg/mol. JA plastic bag containing 0.2 kg of water at 20°C is dropped from a height of 0.5 m onto an insulating carpet. Assume that the bag does NOT break. What is the approximate probability that a similar bag sitting on a carpet will do the reverse; that is, spontaneously jump 0.5 m in the air? Express your answer in the form "Probability = 10-x," where x is a number you will calculate. (Hint: Note that ey = 10y÷ln(10).)