For each chemical reaction in the table below, decide whether the highlighted reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, a Brønsted-Lowry base, or neither. reaction highlighted reactant Bronsted-Lowry Bronsted-Lowry acid neither base Br (aq) + H₂O (aq) HBr(aq) + H2O(l) HBr(aq) + H₂O() - - HBr(aq) + H2O(l) Br¯(aq) + H₂O' (aq) → Br¯ (aq) + H3O+ (aq) + Br (aq) + H2O (aq) - → HBr(aq) + H2O(l) О × о о о D

For each chemical reaction in the table below, decide whether the highlighted reactant is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, a Brønsted-Lowry base, or neither. reaction highlighted reactant Bronsted-Lowry Bronsted-Lowry acid neither base Br (aq) + H₂O (aq) HBr(aq) + H2O(l) HBr(aq) + H₂O() - - HBr(aq) + H2O(l) Br¯(aq) + H₂O' (aq) → Br¯ (aq) + H3O+ (aq) + Br (aq) + H2O (aq) - → HBr(aq) + H2O(l) О × о о о D

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305079250

Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Publisher:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Chapter17: Acid-base(proton Transfer) Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14E: In the following net ionic reaction, identify each species as either a Brnsted-Lowry acid or a...

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Define each of the following: a. Arrhenius acid b. BrnstedLowry acid c. Lewis acid Which of the definitions is most general? Write reactions to justify your answer.
Identify and label the Bronsted-Lowry acid, its conjugate base, the Bronsted-Lowry base, and its conjugate acid in each of the following equations: (a) NO2+H2OHNO2+OH (b) HBR+H2OH3O++Br (c) HS-+H2OH2S+OH (d) H2PO4+OHHPO42+H2O (e) H2PO4+HClH3PO4+Cl (f) [Fe( H 2 O)5(OH)]2++[Al( H 2 O)6]3+[Fe( H 2 O)6]3++[Al( H 2 O)5(OH)]2+ (g) CH3OH+HCH3O+H2
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol), CH3CH2OH, can act as a BrnstedLowry acid. Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanol as an acid with hydroxide ion, OH. Ethanol can also react as a BrnstedLowry base. Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanol as a base with hydronium ion, H3O+. Explain how you arrived at these chemical equations. Both of these reactions can also be considered Lewis acid base reactions. Explain this.
Classify each of the following statements as true or false: aAll Brnsted-Lowry acids are Arrhenius acids. bAll Arrhenius bases are Brnsted-Lowry bases, but not all Brnsted-Lowry bases are Arrhenius bases. c HCO3 is capable of being amphoteric. d HS is the conjugate base of S2. eIf the species on the right side of an ionization equilibrium are present in greater abundance than those on the left, the equilibrium is favored in the forward direction. f NH4+ cannot act as a Lewis base. gWeak bases have a weak attraction for protons. hThe stronger acid and the stronger base are always on the same side of a proton transfer reaction equation. iA proton transfer reaction is always favored in the direction that yields the stronger acid. jA solution with pH=9 is more acidic than one with pH=4. kA solution with pH=3 is twice as acidic as one with pH=6. lA pOH of 4.65 expresses the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution in three significant figures.
Indicate whether the first listed reactant in each of the following BrnstedLowry acidbase reactions is functioning as an acid or a base. a. HF + H2O H3O+ + F b. CN + H2O HCN + OH c. HCN + NO2 HNO2 + CN d. NH3 + HNO3 NH4+ + NO3
Indicate whether the first listed reactant in each of the following BrnstedLowry acidbase reactions is functioning as an acid or a base. a. F + H2O HF + OH b. HClO + H2O H3O+ + ClO c. H3PO4 + NH3 NH4+ + H2PO4 d. HNO2 + HS H2S + NO2
Pure liquid ammonia ionizes in a manner similar to that of water. (a) Write the equilibrium for the autoionization of liquid ammonia. (b) Identify the conjugate acid form and the base form of the solvent. (c) Is NaNH2 an acid or a base in this solvent? (d) Is ammonium bromide an acid or a base in this solvent?
Using the diagrams shown in Problem 10-37, which of the four acids is the weakest acid?
Identify and label the Bronsted-Lowry acid, its conjugate base, the Bronsted—Lowry base, and its conjugate acid in each of the following equations: (a) HNO3+H2OH3O++NO3 (b) CN+H2OHCN+OH (c) H2SO4+CIHCI+HSO4 (d) HSO4+OHSO42+H2O (e) O2+H2O2OH (f) [Cu( H 2 O)3(OH)]++[Al( H 2 O)6]3+[Cu( H 2 O)4]2++[Al( H 2 O)5(OH)]2+ (g) H2S+NH2HS+NH3
Write a formula for the conjugate base formed when each of the following behaves as a Brnsted acid: a. HSO3 b. HPO42 c. HClO3 d. CH3NH3+ e. H2C2O4
8-13 Define (a) an Arrhenius acid and (b) an Arrhenius base.
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