Explain why adipocytes need glucose as well as fatty acids in order to synthesize triacylglycerols.

Q: In diabetes mellitus the activation of fatty acid oxidation causes ketosis. What disorder of…

A: The above answer explains how the activation of fatty acid oxidation in diabetes mellitus can lead…

Q: If glucagon causes a decrease in fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, how does this increase blood glucose…

A: Glucagon is a peptide hormone released by α pancreatic cells in response to lowered levels of…

Q: Glycogen synthase catalyzes glycogen synthesis. Determine whether each intermediate is associated…

A: Physiological conditions determines how a particular molecule is utilized in the body. Here we are…

Q: Adipose tissue is not merely a repository for excess fat, but it is also an endocrine organ. Discuss…

A: Body fat, sometimes referred to as adipose tissue, is a connective tissue that covers every part of…

Q: Explain why β oxidation cannot proceed backward to produce triacylglycerols.

A: Beta oxidation is a metabolic process involving multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules are…

Q: the role of LDL receptors in cholesterol uptake and metabolism.

A: Low-density lipoprotein receptor is mosaic protein with 839 amino acids, that mediates the…

Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for the same hormone signal to stimulate glycogenolysis and inhibit…

A: The muscles and the liver respond in distinct ways to the same hormone signal, thus participating in…

Q: Which of the following about adipokines is true? They are: 1) intracellular enzymes 2) secreted from…

A: The correct option is (3) endocrine signals.

Q: Lipoic Acid is the vitamin precursor for a co-enzyme called Lipoamide A patient diagnosed with…

A: Lipoic acid is a sulfur-containing naturally occurring compound in the body that plays various roles…

Q: Researchers investigating the role of fat metabolism in diabetes generated PPAR peroxisome…

A: Knockout mice is a mice where a specific gene is turned off that is it is unable to form a desired…

Q: Why do some people call GLUT4the training glucose transporter?

A: The pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland. It is called the exocrine gland because it…

Q: What level of protein structure is hexameric insulin?

A: The pancreas has a very important role in the body. It can function as endocrine as well as…

Q: Describe the different functions of glycogen in liver and muscle

A: Polysaccharides are larger molecules of sugar compounds that are made up of many smaller units of…

Q: Explain the process of break down of glucose by various pathways.

A: Glucose is a type of sugar in the blood. It is the main source of energy in the body. The source of…

Q: For an individual whose liver is regulated by glucagon binding, when energy is needed - what is the…

A: Low blood glucose triggers the pancreatic cell to release glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that…

Q: Compare and contrast the three major types of membrane lipids. Explain steroid hormones and its two…

A: Biomolecules are the group of compounds or molecules that are produced by the living system. They…

Q: Explain why adipose cells exhibit the characteristic signet ring appearance

A: Introduction Adipose cells, also known as fat cells, are specialized cells in body that store energy…

Q: Explain why inhibiting the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase might not affect a person’s body mass.

A: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible…

Q: Does insulin alter glucose transport by facilitated diffusion?

A: The pancreas is an organ that is accountable for producing a peptide hormone, called “insulin”. The…

Q: Briefly describe the action of glucagons on free fatty acids

A: Hormones are the messengers that transmit signals from one to another. They bind to another cell…

Q: Explain the functions of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and fatty acids in the triacylglycerol…

A: The tri-esters of fatty acids and glycerol are known as triacylglycerol. One glycerol and three…

Q: State some symptoms of adiposis.

A: Fat is the important energy source for the body. Fat is made of fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty…

Q: Explain the differences between a) glycogenolysis, b) gluconeogenesis, and c) glycogen synthesis.…

A: The question asks about the comparison between the three biological processes glycogenolysis,…

Q: Why is glucose provided by glycogenolysis in the liver but not in skeletal muscle?

A: Through glycogenolysis process, glycogen broken down into glucose and provide energy.  Muscle…

Q: During periods of prolonged exercise, muscles burn fat released from adipocytes in addition to…

A: When exercise or work is done by animals, there is an expenditure of some compound, which in this…

Q: To explain: Why at anaerobic conditions the consumption of glucose by cells is high and at aerobic…

A: Metabolism refers to the collection of hundreds of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that the organism uses…

Q: Draw a Lineweaver-Burke plot with two lines, one representing an uninhibited enzyme and another…

A: Competitive inhibition of Lineweaver–Burk plot increases the slope of the line and alters the…

Q: Diets that severely restrict carbohydrate intake often result in ketosis for the dieter. Explain why…

A: Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for cells. Carbohydrates are stored in the form of…

Q: Diabetes is a complex set of metabolic diseases with thecommon symptom of an inability to transport…

A: The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by an attack on the pancreas. This attack is…

Q: What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate…

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of…

Q: What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of an increase in intramito- chondrial oxaloacetate…

A: An increase in the level of oxaloacetate would cause the oxaloacetate to be converted to acetyl-CoA,…

Q: source regulated? What would you expect to be the effect of caffeine or theophylline on fatty acid…

A: Fatty acids are the main source of energy production because they provide the maximum energy per…

Q: Triacylglycerols in adipose tissue do not enter the bloodstream as triacyglycerolsexplain

A: Triacylglycerols, also known as triglycerides, are a type of fat (lipid) found in your blood. A…

Q: Describe the glyceroneogenesis pathway. What moleculesare its substrates?

A: As we know, the process of formation of pyruvate from glucose is known as glycolysis, this pathway…

Q: Gluconeogenesis occurs in muscle using the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. True False

A: The term "gluconeogenesis" describes a collection of metabolic processes that take place in the…

Q: Describe the role of glutamine and glutamate in amino acid metabolism.

A: Amino groups of most of the amino acids are transferred to α-ketoglutarate to form glutamate this is…

Q: List reaction or pathways of fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis affected by insulin and glucagon.

A: Insulin is the hormone synthesized by the β cells of pancreas. Whereas glucagon is synthesized by…

Q: Describe how regulation by malonyl-CoA benefits the cell.

A: Enzymes are the biological catalysts which are proteinaceous in nature. The function of an enzyme is…

Q: The removal of fatty acids from triacylglycerols leaves glycerol. Show how the actions of glycerol…

A: The process of breakdown of glucose to generate the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is…

Q: In order for a fatty acid stored in an adipocyte to be oxidized by a muscle cell, which of the…

A: INTRODUCTION : Fatty acid oxidation - The oxidation of the fatty acids which are being stored in…

Q: Glycogen synthesis and breakdown are regulated primarily at the hormonallevel. However, important…

A: Glycogen is a polymer of branched glucose that is present in many tissues, but in the liver and…

Q: Lipodystrophy is a condition in which an individual lacks adipose tissue. The muscles and liver from…

A: A group of disorders of the body metabolism that develop life-threatening illnesses, such as heart…

Q: Lactic acidosis occurs as a result of shock. Explain why low oxygen levels promote lactate…

A: Lactic acidosis is the condition, in which the concentration of lactic acid exceeds above 4mmol per…

Q: Adipose tissue cannot resynthesize triacylglycerols from glycerol released during lipolysis (fat…

A: Adipose tissue is a specialised connective tissue that consists of adipocytes called lipid-rich…