Explain the ionization of
When radiation incident on substance, electron eject from orbit of substance due to energy of radiation,that make up the substance, separating the atoms positively charged atoms and free electrons. This is called ionization.
There are various types of ionising radiation:
- Alpha radiation
- Beta radiation
- Gamma radiation
- X-radiation
- Neutron Radiation
Alpha radiation consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.
Alpha radiation is directly ionizing because it carry a charge and can, so interact directly with atomic electrons due to coulombic forces.
Alpha particles have four times the mass of proton or neutron and 8000 times mass of a beta particle. There alpha radiation have strong ionising power as compared to beta radiation.
A beta radiation is high energy, high speed electron or positron.
Beta radiation is type of ionizing radiation and it has more ionising power than gamma rays, but less ionising power than alpha radiation.
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