Explain the code and how it works:

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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Explain the code and how it works:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class Song
{
private:
    string songtitle = "";
    string artist = "";
    int year = 0;
public:
    void set_song_title(string songtitle_param);
    void set_artist_name(string songartist_param);
    string get_song_title() const;   // "const" safeguards class variable changes within function
    string get_artist_name()const;
    string get_song_title_upper() const;
    string get_artist_name_upper() const;
    void set_year(int year_param);
    int get_year() const;
};           // NOTICE: Class declaration ends with semicolon!
void Song::set_song_title(string songtitle_param)
{
    songtitle = songtitle_param;
}
void Song::set_artist_name(string songartist_param)
{
    artist = songartist_param;
}
string Song::get_song_title() const
{
    return songtitle;
}
string Song::get_artist_name() const
{
    return artist;
}
string Song::get_song_title_upper() const
{
    string title_upper;
    for (char c : songtitle) {
        title_upper.push_back(toupper(c));
    }
    return title_upper;
}
string Song::get_artist_name_upper() const
{
    string song_upper;
    for (char c : artist) {
        song_upper.push_back(toupper(c));
    }
    return song_upper;
}
void Song::set_year(int year_param)
{
    year = year_param;
}
int Song::get_year() const
{
    return year;
}
int main()
{
    cout << "The Song List program\n\n"
        << "Enter a song...\n\n";
    // get vector of song objects
    vector<Song> songs;
    char another = 'y';
    while (tolower(another) == 'y')
    {
        Song song;
        string songtitle;
        string artist;
        cout << "Title: ";
        getline(cin, songtitle);
        song.set_song_title(songtitle);
        cout << "Artist: ";
        getline(cin, artist);
        int year;
        cout << "Year: ";
        cin >> year;
        song.set_year(year);
        songs.push_back(song);
        cout << "\nEnter another song? (y/n): ";
        cin >> another;
        cin.ignore();
        cout << endl;
    }
    // display the songs
    const int w = 10;
    cout << left
        << setw(w * 3) << "TITLE"
        << setw(w) << "YEAR" << endl;

    for (Song song : songs)
    {
        cout << setw(w * 3) << song.get_song_title()
            << setw(w*3) << song.get_artist_name()
            << setw(w * 3) << song.get_year() << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;

    cout << endl;
    // Output with titles in ALL CAPS
    for (Song song : songs)
    {
        cout << setw(w * 3) << song.get_song_title_upper()
            << setw(w*3) << song.get_artist_name_upper()
            << setw(w * 3) << song.get_year() << endl;
    }
}

Expert Solution
Step 1

//Including the required headerfiles

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

 

// using the standard namespace
using namespace std;

 

//create a class named song
class Song
{

 

 

//declaring private data fileds
private:
    string songtitle = "";
    string artist = "";
    int year = 0;

 

//declaring public member function 
public:
    void set_song_title(string songtitle_param);
    void set_artist_name(string songartist_param);
    string get_song_title() const;   // "const" safeguards class variable changes within function
    string get_artist_name()const;
    string get_song_title_upper() const;
    string get_artist_name_upper() const;
    void set_year(int year_param);
    int get_year() const;
};           // NOTICE: Class declaration ends with semicolon!

 

// writting the definition of all the member function of class song

//these we call getters and setters


void Song::set_song_title(string songtitle_param)
{
    songtitle = songtitle_param;
}
void Song::set_artist_name(string songartist_param)
{
    artist = songartist_param;
}
string Song::get_song_title() const
{
    return songtitle;
}
string Song::get_artist_name() const
{
    return artist;
}
string Song::get_song_title_upper() const
{
    string title_upper;
    for (char c : songtitle) {
        title_upper.push_back(toupper(c));
    }
    return title_upper;
}
string Song::get_artist_name_upper() const
{
    string song_upper;
    for (char c : artist) {
        song_upper.push_back(toupper(c));
    }
    return song_upper;
}void Song::set_year(int year_param)
{
    year = year_param;
}
int Song::get_year() const
{
    return year;
}

 

//main function or driver program to test the working of song class
int main()
{
    cout << "The Song List program\n\n"
        << "Enter a song...\n\n";
    // get vector of song objects

 

//create vector of song class with songs name
    vector<Song> songs;
    char another = 'y';

 

//while our input is y
    while (tolower(another) == 'y')
    {
        Song song;
        string songtitle;
        string artist;
        cout << "Title: ";
        getline(cin, songtitle);
        song.set_song_title(songtitle);
        cout << "Artist: ";
        getline(cin, artist);
        int year;
        cout << "Year: ";
        cin >> year;
        song.set_year(year);
        songs.push_back(song);
        cout << "\nEnter another song? (y/n): ";
        cin >> another;
        cin.ignore();
        cout << endl;
    }

//if we do not press y
    // display the songs
    const int w = 10;
    cout << left
        << setw(w * 3) << "TITLE"
        << setw(w) << "YEAR" << endl;

    for (Song song : songs)
    {
        cout << setw(w * 3) << song.get_song_title()
            << setw(w*3) << song.get_artist_name()
            << setw(w * 3) << song.get_year() << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;

    cout << endl;
    // Output with titles in ALL CAPS
    for (Song song : songs)
    {
        cout << setw(w * 3) << song.get_song_title_upper()
            << setw(w*3) << song.get_artist_name_upper()
            << setw(w * 3) << song.get_year() << endl;
    }
}

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