participation.2) Explain how a condition like COPD may affect acid-base balance. Given what youhave learned about acid-base regulation, what other systems in the body would beaffected by this condition? Support your response with evidence and peer-reviewedsources.

Answered: Explain how a condition like COPD may…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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participation.
2) Explain how a condition like COPD may affect acid-base balance. Given what you
have learned about acid-base regulation, what other systems in the body would be
affected by this condition? Support your response with evidence and peer-reviewed
sources.

Expert Solution

Step 1: Explanation of how COPD affects acid base balance

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of progressive lung diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema that often result in reduced airflow to the lungs.

COPD can have significant effects on acid-base balance and can impact various systems in the body.

Let`s explain how COPD affects acid base balance

Mechanism of Respiratory Acidosis in COPD:

Airway Obstruction:
- Chronic inflammation and airway narrowing in COPD reduce airflow.
- Hindered CO2 removal during exhalation contributes to acidosis.
Increased Airway Resistance:
- Narrowed airways increase resistance to airflow.
- Impairs efficient CO2 elimination leading to acidosis.
Impaired Gas Exchange:
- COPD affects oxygen and CO2 exchange in alveoli.
- Inefficient gas transfer results in CO2 buildup.

Compensatory Mechanisms in Response to Respiratory Acidosis:

Renal Bicarbonate (HCO3-) Reabsorption:
- Kidneys increase HCO3- reabsorption from urine.
- Buffers excess blood acid due to respiratory acidosis.
Metabolic Alkalosis:
- Overcorrection may lead to metabolic alkalosis.
- Further disrupts acid-base balance.

Evidence for Compensatory Mechanisms:

"Textbook of Medical Physiology" by Guyton and Hall (2015) explains compensatory mechanisms and potential for metabolic alkalosis in response to respiratory acidosis.