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Experiment 1: Effect of substrate concentration at a constant pH (pH = 7) and temperature Plot the data given in the procedure section using Excel or hand-draw using the grid below with x-axis labeled as the Substrate Concentration (g) and the y-axis labeled as Rate of Reaction which is the number of molecules of product formed per minute (x106). o Reminder- the graph is not a linear plot but hyperbolic (like the Michalis-Menten plot shown in the introduction section)

Experiment 1: Effect of substrate concentration at a constant pH (pH = 7) and temperature Plot the data given in the procedure section using Excel or hand-draw using the grid below with x-axis labeled as the Substrate Concentration (g) and the y-axis labeled as Rate of Reaction which is the number of molecules of product formed per minute (x106). o Reminder- the graph is not a linear plot but hyperbolic (like the Michalis-Menten plot shown in the introduction section)

Chemistry
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Experiment 1: Effect of Substrate Concentration at a Constant pH (pH = 7) and Temperature** Plot the data given in the procedure section using Excel or hand-draw using the grid below with the **x-axis labeled as the Substrate Concentration (g)** and the **y-axis labeled as the Rate of Reaction** which is the number of molecules of product formed per minute (x10^6). - **Reminder**: The graph is **not a linear plot** but hyperbolic (like the Michaelis-Menten plot shown in the introduction section) ![Grid Plot](insert_image_path_here) **Explanation of Graph and Grid:** The provided grid is a standard Cartesian coordinate system with evenly spaced vertical and horizontal lines, designed for plotting experimental data points. 1. **X-Axis (Horizontal Axis) - Substrate Concentration (g):** - This axis represents the concentration of the substrate in grams. - Typically, you'll assign values starting from zero and increasing incrementally based on your specific data set. 2. **Y-Axis (Vertical Axis) - Rate of Reaction (x10^6 molecules/minute):** - This axis represents the rate at which the reaction occurs, measured as the number of product molecules formed per minute, multiplied by 10^6. - Values here will also start from zero and increase based on your experimental outcomes. 3. **Graph Shape - Hyperbolic Curve:** - Unlike a linear graph, the relationship between substrate concentration and the rate of reaction is expected to show a hyperbolic pattern. - This is characteristic of enzyme kinetics, specifically described by the Michaelis-Menten equation, where the rate of reaction increases rapidly with substrate concentration but levels off, approaching a maximum rate as the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate. When plotting your data, ensure that each point is accurately placed based on the corresponding values from your experiment. After plotting all points, draw a smooth curve that best fits the data, reflecting the expected hyperbolic shape.
Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment 1: Effect of Substrate Concentration at a Constant pH (pH = 7) and Temperature** Plot the data given in the procedure section using Excel or hand-draw using the grid below with the **x-axis labeled as the Substrate Concentration (g)** and the **y-axis labeled as the Rate of Reaction** which is the number of molecules of product formed per minute (x10^6). - **Reminder**: The graph is **not a linear plot** but hyperbolic (like the Michaelis-Menten plot shown in the introduction section) ![Grid Plot](insert_image_path_here) **Explanation of Graph and Grid:** The provided grid is a standard Cartesian coordinate system with evenly spaced vertical and horizontal lines, designed for plotting experimental data points. 1. **X-Axis (Horizontal Axis) - Substrate Concentration (g):** - This axis represents the concentration of the substrate in grams. - Typically, you'll assign values starting from zero and increasing incrementally based on your specific data set. 2. **Y-Axis (Vertical Axis) - Rate of Reaction (x10^6 molecules/minute):** - This axis represents the rate at which the reaction occurs, measured as the number of product molecules formed per minute, multiplied by 10^6. - Values here will also start from zero and increase based on your experimental outcomes. 3. **Graph Shape - Hyperbolic Curve:** - Unlike a linear graph, the relationship between substrate concentration and the rate of reaction is expected to show a hyperbolic pattern. - This is characteristic of enzyme kinetics, specifically described by the Michaelis-Menten equation, where the rate of reaction increases rapidly with substrate concentration but levels off, approaching a maximum rate as the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate. When plotting your data, ensure that each point is accurately placed based on the corresponding values from your experiment. After plotting all points, draw a smooth curve that best fits the data, reflecting the expected hyperbolic shape.
**Experiment 1: Effect of Substrate Concentration at pH = 7** **Introduction** This experiment investigates the impact of varying substrate concentrations on the rate of reaction at a constant pH of 7. **Materials and Methods** Five test tubes (labeled 1 to 5) were prepared with different concentrations of substrate, maintaining all other conditions constant, including the pH (set to 7) and temperature (37°C). The amounts of substrate were varied as follows: - Test Tube 1: 0.5 g substrate - Test Tube 2: 1.0 g substrate - Test Tube 3: 2.0 g substrate - Test Tube 4: 4.0 g substrate - Test Tube 5: 8.0 g substrate **Results** The results of the experiment are summarized in the table below, which includes the amount of substrate in each test tube and the number of molecules of product formed per minute (measured in units of 10^6 molecules). | Test Tube Number | Amount of Substrate (g) | Number of Molecules of Product Formed per Minute (×10^6) | |------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| | 1 | 0.5 | 72 | | 2 | 1.0 | 145 | | 3 | 2.0 | 300 | | 4 | 4.0 | 350 | | 5 | 8.0 | 350 | **Graphical Explanation** *Diagram 1 (Left Side)*: This diagram shows five test tubes with varying shades of brown, labeled 1 to 5, corresponding to the concentrations stated above. Below each test tube, the amount of substrate is indicated, and the consistent conditions of pH = 7 and temperature = 37°C are highlighted. *Diagram 2 (Right Side)*: This diagram presents five test tubes containing blue-colored solutions from left to right, labeled 1 to 5, indicating the effect of substrate concentration on the reaction rate. The color intensity correlates with the concentration and reaction progress. **Conclusion** From the data above: - There is an initial increase in the rate of product formation with increasing substrate concentration (from test tube 1 to test tube 3). - Beyond a substrate concentration of 2.0 g (
Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment 1: Effect of Substrate Concentration at pH = 7** **Introduction** This experiment investigates the impact of varying substrate concentrations on the rate of reaction at a constant pH of 7. **Materials and Methods** Five test tubes (labeled 1 to 5) were prepared with different concentrations of substrate, maintaining all other conditions constant, including the pH (set to 7) and temperature (37°C). The amounts of substrate were varied as follows: - Test Tube 1: 0.5 g substrate - Test Tube 2: 1.0 g substrate - Test Tube 3: 2.0 g substrate - Test Tube 4: 4.0 g substrate - Test Tube 5: 8.0 g substrate **Results** The results of the experiment are summarized in the table below, which includes the amount of substrate in each test tube and the number of molecules of product formed per minute (measured in units of 10^6 molecules). | Test Tube Number | Amount of Substrate (g) | Number of Molecules of Product Formed per Minute (×10^6) | |------------------|------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------| | 1 | 0.5 | 72 | | 2 | 1.0 | 145 | | 3 | 2.0 | 300 | | 4 | 4.0 | 350 | | 5 | 8.0 | 350 | **Graphical Explanation** *Diagram 1 (Left Side)*: This diagram shows five test tubes with varying shades of brown, labeled 1 to 5, corresponding to the concentrations stated above. Below each test tube, the amount of substrate is indicated, and the consistent conditions of pH = 7 and temperature = 37°C are highlighted. *Diagram 2 (Right Side)*: This diagram presents five test tubes containing blue-colored solutions from left to right, labeled 1 to 5, indicating the effect of substrate concentration on the reaction rate. The color intensity correlates with the concentration and reaction progress. **Conclusion** From the data above: - There is an initial increase in the rate of product formation with increasing substrate concentration (from test tube 1 to test tube 3). - Beyond a substrate concentration of 2.0 g (
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