Examine the reaction below. Using the table of standard state free energies provided: A) Calculate the standard state free energy change for the reaction (in the direction shown). B) Under standard state conditions, will this reaction proceed to the LEFT(down) or RIGHT (up)? NH2 COMPOUND AG hydrolysis (kJ/mol) - 62 - 43 - 32 - 21 - 14 N Phosphoenolpyruvate Creatine phosphate CH,OH N. АТР он Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate H OH ОРО H. ÓH ÓH OH NH2 N. N. CH,OH 0- Он OH OH H. OH OH OH o=-o o=-o

Examine the reaction below. Using the table of standard state free energies provided: A) Calculate the standard state free energy change for the reaction (in the direction shown). B) Under standard state conditions, will this reaction proceed to the LEFT(down) or RIGHT (up)? NH2 COMPOUND AG hydrolysis (kJ/mol) - 62 - 43 - 32 - 21 - 14 N Phosphoenolpyruvate Creatine phosphate CH,OH N. АТР он Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate H OH ОРО H. ÓH ÓH OH NH2 N. N. CH,OH 0- Он OH OH H. OH OH OH o=-o o=-o

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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For the following reaction: HNO3 H2SO4 NO2 NO2 NO2 10% 8% 82% 1. Write a reasonable mechanism, using curved arrow notation to show the flow of electrons, for the formation of all three products. Your answer should include all important resonance structures. 2. Using the mechanism and resonance structures, provide an explanation for the product ratios shown.
1) Define metabolism and describe the importance of metabolism to life. 2) Calculate the change in free energy (∆G ) for the below reaction and answer the two follow up questions: Gfinal state = 3.4 kcal/ mol and Ginitial state = 10.7 kcal/ mol Recall: ∆G = Gfinal state – Ginitial state a. Is this a spontaneous or non-spontaneous reaction? Explain. b. Is there energy released from this reaction which can be used to do work? Explain. 2) List four conditions which impact an enzymes rate of activity. Explain.
A. Write the products of each of the following reactions and balance the equation. Indicate for cach product whether it is solid (s), liquid (), aqueous (aq) or gas (g). If no reaction occurs, the products are the same as the reactants, write no reaction and proceed to the next reaction. B. Write an ionic equation for each reaction. Break up only compounds with (aq) into ions. Recall that the number of ions in a compound are indicated with a subscript, but the number of ions listed separately in an equation are indicated with a coefficient. C. Cancel out any ions that appear on both sides of the equation and write the net ionic equation for each.
Balance the reactions. A hint is provided to help you decide if the reaction will proceed as written, ie from left to right. Do not leave any fractions. 1. a) Balance Al₂O3 → Al + 0₂ b) What type of reaction is this? c) Is this a redox rx, yes / no ? d) The reaction will go from left to right, yes / no ? (hint: O₂ is very reactive) 2. a) Balance HNO3 + AI → b) What type of reaction is this? c) Is this a redox rx, yes / no ? d) The reaction will go from left to right, yes / no ? (hint: aluminum is a reactive metal, and a gas escapes) C7H14 + 0₂ 3. a) Balance, leave no fractions b) What type of reaction is this? c) Is this a redox rx, yes / no ? d) The reaction will go from left to right, yes / no ? (hint: O₂ is very reactive) H2(g) + AI(NO3)3 → CO₂ + H₂O
Consider the following chemical equation whose delta(G) = 9kcal/mol: AC + BD ---> AB + CD what are the reactants and what are the products is this reaction spontaneous? How do you know? Is energy released or consumed by this reaction? If an enzyme, which catalyzes this reaction is added, what will happen to delta (G) If this reaction is coupled to another reaction, whose delta(G) is -12 kcal/mol, what will be the net delta(G) value? will the overall reaction be spontaneous
Select True or False: Consider the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). When nitrogen is added to the system at equilibrium, the reaction will shift toward the products. True False
Identify the major and minor product(s) of the following reaction:
The following questions are based on the reaction A+ B ↔ C+D shown in Figure 8.1. 1. Which of the following terms best describes the progress of the reaction with respect to free energy change? a) endergonic, ∆G> 0 b) exergonic, ∆G> 0 c) exergonic, ∆G< 0 d) endergonic, ∆G< 0 2. Which of the following in Figure 8.1 remains unchanged by having an enzyme included? a) b b) d c) a d) c 3. The part labeled “C” on the above graph represents a) Energy of activation without enzyme b) Energy of activation with enzyme c) Amount of free energy released d) amount of energy required for the reaction progress
Explain how running a reaction with the enzyme aldolase at a pH of 14 affects its activity Enzyme Activity e Activity 765432TO Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity 0 6543 2 6 Solution pH 8 a) It significantly diminishes activity because enzyme is denatured b) It significantly diminishes activity because the enzyme becomes too reactive Oc) It will quadruple its activity because enzyme is denatured and free Question 9 (5 points) Estimate the optimum pH required for maximum enzyme activity 10 d) It will double its activity because enzyme now has more active sites 12 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity